Publications - HIV

Isoniazid Preventive Therapy and Pregnancy Outcomes in Women Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in the Tshepiso Cohort

Post Date: 
2019-10-21
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Disease
Background Both pregnancy and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increase the risk of tuberculosis disease, which results in poor maternal, pregnancy, and infant outcomes. Isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) reduces mortality among individuals living with HIV in high-burden settings but has recently...

Development and validation of HIV-ASSIST, an online, educational, clinical decision support tool to guide patient-centered ARV regimen selection

Post Date: 
2019-10-01
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JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
Background: Multiple antiretroviral (ARV) regimens are effective at achieving HIV viral suppression, but differ in pill burden, side effects, barriers to resistance, and impact on comorbidities. Current guidelines advocate for an individualized approach to ARV regimen selection, but synthesizing...

Inclusion of key populations in clinical trials of new antituberculosis treatments: Current barriers and recommendations for pregnant and lactating women, children, and HIV-infected persons

Post Date: 
2019-08-15
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PLOS Medicine
PLOS Medicine: Dr. Amita Gupta and colleagues discuss the scientific and ethical basis for including pregnant and lactation women, children, and HIV+ patients in tuberculosis therapeutic clinical trials.

Third-line antiretroviral therapy in low-income and middle-income countries (ACTG A5288): a prospective strategy study

Post Date: 
2019-07-29
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Lancet HIV
BACKGROUND: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) management is challenging for individuals in resource-limited settings presenting for third-line treatment because of complex resistance patterns, partly due to reduced access to viral load monitoring. We aimed to evaluate use of newer...

Long-acting or extended-release antiretroviral products for HIV treatment and prevention in infants, children, adolescents, and pregnant and breastfeeding women: knowledge gaps and research priorities

Post Date: 
2019-07-15
Publication: 
Lancet HIV
Lancet HIV : This paper summarizes findings of the Long acting/Extended Release Antiretroviral Resource Program workshop, and offers recommendations for developing ARV products for HIV treatment and prevention in infants, children, adolescents, and pregnant and breastfeeding women

Mobile phone access and comfort: implications for HIV and tuberculosis care in India and South Africa.

Post Date: 
2019-07-01
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International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
SETTING: India and South Africa shoulder the greatest burden of tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection respectively, but care retention is suboptimal. OBJECTIVE: We conducted a study in Pune, India, and Matlosana, South Africa ...

High prevalence of insulin resistance and occurrence prior to hyperinsulinemia threshold among people living with HIV in Pune, India

Post Date: 
2019-05-21
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Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews
BACKGROUND Diabetes prevalence in HIV is not well characterized for India, despite the high burden of both individual diseases. Epidemiology of insulin resistance (IR): a precursor to diabetes, and its associated risk factors are also poorly understood in Asian Indian people living with HIV (PLHIV...

A population pharmacokinetic analysis shows that arylacetamide deacetylase (AADAC) gene polymorphism and HIV infection affect the exposure of rifapentine

Post Date: 
2019-03-29
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Antimicrobial Agents Chemotherapy
New analysis published in Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy!

Maternal health outcomes among HIV-infected breastfeeding women with high CD4 counts: results of a treatment strategy trial

Post Date: 
2019-03-20
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HIV Clinical Trials
BACKGROUND: IMPAACT PROMISE 1077BF/FF was a randomized study of antiretroviral therapy (ART) strategies for pregnant and postpartum women with high CD4+ T-cell counts. We describe postpartum outcomes for women in the study who were randomized to continue or discontinue ART after...

One month of rifapentine plus isoniazid to prevent HIV-related tuberculosis

Post Date: 
2019-03-14
Publication: 
New England Journal of Medicine
Exciting findings from A5279: One month of Rifapentine with isonaizid is as effective as a 9-month course of isoniazid alone!

Symptom screening for active tuberculosis in pregnant women living with HIV

Post Date: 
2019-01-24
Publication: 
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Diagnostic test accuracy). The objectives are as follows: To assess the accuracy of the four-symptom screen (cough, fever, night sweats, or weight loss) for identifying active TB in pregnant PLHIV who are screened in an outpatient or community setting...

HIV testing uptake among the household contacts of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis index cases in eight countries

Post Date: 
2019-01-07
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International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : The Indo-JHU Clinical Research Parentership participated in this multinational study to determine if it's feasible to provide HIV testing for household contacts of MDR-TB cases.

Is there a connection between gestational diabetes, human immunodeficiency virus infection, and tuberculosis?

Post Date: 
2019-01-01
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International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
IJTLD article reviews the epidemiology and immunology of gestational diabetes and finds there's a lot we don't know about interactions between diabetes, pregnancy, and tuberculosis in both HIV+/- women

Inflammation and micronutrient biomarkers predict clinical HIV treatment failure and incident active TB in HIV-infected adults: a case-control study

Post Date: 
2018-09-24
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BMC Medicine
Factors identified through exploratory factor analysis were associated with adverse outcomes in HIV-infected individuals.

Challenges and opportunities for outreach workers in the Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT) program in India

Post Date: 
2018-09-04
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PLoS One
PLoS One: Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV program in India is one of the largest in the world, and it relies on outreach workers. Our study looked at challenges and opportunities for outreach workers.

Challenges of TB and co-treatment: updates and insights

Post Date: 
2018-08-04
Publication: 
Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In the past few years, tuberculosis (TB) has overtaken HIV as the infectious disease with the highest global mortality. Successful management of this syndemic will require improved diagnostic tests, shorter preventive therapies, and more effective treatments,...

Loss to follow‐up and mortality among HIV‐infected adolescents receiving antiretroviral therapy in Pune, India

Post Date: 
2018-06-25
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HIV Medicine
Over 6 years, one-third of HIV+ adolescents in this study discontinued medical treatment, indicating a critical need for retention counselling and closer clinical monitoring.

Effect of baseline micronutrient and inflammation status on CD4 recovery post-cART initiation in the multinational PEARLS trial

Post Date: 
2018-05-29
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Clinical Nutrition
Nutritional deficiency and inflammation may impact CD4+ T cell recovery during combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), particularly in resource-limited settings where malnutrition is prevalent. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of micronutrient and inflammation biomarkers to CD4 recovery after cART initiation.

Hepatotoxicity during isoniazid preventive therapy and antiretroviral therapy in people living with HIV with severe immunosuppression: a secondary analysis of a multi-country open-label randomized controlled clinical trial

Post Date: 
2018-05-01
Publication: 
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
BACKGROUND: Hepatotoxicity associated with isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) and antiretroviral therapy (ART) has not been well studied in severely immunosuppressed people with HIV. Our objective was to determine risk factors for hepatotoxicity in severely immunosuppressed individuals...

Prevention of HIV-1 transmission through breastfeeding:efficacy of safety of maternal antiretroviral therapy versus infant nevirapine prophylaxis for duration of breastfeeding in HIV-1-infected women with high CD4 cell count (IMPAACT PROMISE)

Post Date: 
2018-04-01
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Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
BACKGROUND: No randomized trial has directly compared the efficacy of prolonged infant antiretroviral prophylaxis versus maternal antiretroviral therapy (mART) for prevention of mother-to-child transmission throughout the breastfeeding period. SETTING: Fourteen...

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