India

With a population of more than one billion, India is the second largest country in the world, represents 16% of the global population, and the national average for life expectancy is only 65 years. India leads the world in the largest absolute burden of TB, ranks third for HIV (behind South Africa and Nigeria), and ranks second for diabetes. The country receives funding to support HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment and care programs under the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR).

Our Indo-JHU Clinical Research Partnership is dedicated to reversing poor patient outcomes. With operations based in Pune, our extensive research portfolio is directed by Dr. Amita Gupta (Baltimore, MD), with onsite direction from Dr. Vidya Mave, Dr. Nishi Suryavanshi, and Dr. Nikhil Gupte (Pune). The Indo-JHU Partnership employs more than 200 people and, in addition to our memberships in consortia with many esteemed Indian research institutions, we have formal agreements with:

Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, and Sassoon General Hospital (BJGMC). Pune, India
DY Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Center. Pune, India
National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis. Chennai, India
PD Hinduja Hospital and Medical Group. Mumbai, India
Medanta The Medicity. Gurgaon, India
KEM Hospital. Pune, India
Bharati Vidyapeeth Medical College. Pune, India

CCGHE WORK IN INDIA

Studies/Projects
Publications

Identification of Biomarkers That Can Predict Progression from Latent Tuberculosis Infection to Active Tuberculosis Disease

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2020-08-23

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Purpose: The C-TRIUMPH study has identified 20 household contacts (HHC), who have progressed to active TB from its HHCs cohort (Cohort B). Immunological profiling of TB antigen induced biosignatures, profiling of transcriptional and proteomic biosignatures should provide novel insights into the...

Epidemiology and Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 in India (ECO-19)

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2020-07-09

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This study was terminated May 25, 2021 This is a prospective cohort study of adults with suspected COVID-19 to address key knowledge gaps in the epidemiology of disease severity and poor clinical outcomes in India. Results from this study may help clinicians in India focus limited health resources...

Tuberculosis (TB) Aftermath

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2020-06-05

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Drs. Vidya Mave and Jonathan Golub are co-PIs and Dr. Barthwal from DY Patil Medical College is local site PI for this study. TB Aftermath seeks to provide evidence for an effective and scalable strategy targeting HHs of treated TB cases, a high priority of the NTEP. Purpose To compare the...

Mental Health Outcomes among Health Care Professionals Involved in the Treatment and Care of COVID 19 Patients in India

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2020-06-01

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Drs. Nikhil Gupta and Nishi Suryavanshi are leading this survey project. This study is investigating the immediate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health outcomes and overall quality of life and what are the factors associated with it among Indian Health care workers. Among health care...

Prevalence of Risk Factors for Lung Cancer and Facilitators and Barriers for Tobacco Cessation among People Living with HIV

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2020-04-01

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India has the world’s third largest HIV epidemic, with 2.1 million people currently living with HIV and an additional 90,000 new infections each year.[29] At the same time, expansion of the HIV response under India’s premier governmental agency - the National AIDS Control Organization (NACO), has...

Hybrid Trial for Alcohol Reduction among People with TB and HIV in India

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2020-02-12

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Dr. Geetanjali Chander is PI and Dr. Kakrani is local site PI at DY Patil Medical College for this study. The highest incidence of tuberculosis disease (TB) in the world is in India, accounting for 27% of all new cases globally, with approximately 86,000 among persons with HIV (PWH). Unhealthy...

Pregnancy Associated Immune Responses to Tuberculosis and HIV in India and South Africa (PARTHISA)

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2020-01-14

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Dr. Jyoti Mathad is Co-PI of this study. Purpose: Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of maternal mortality, especially among HIV-infected women. Women are most likely to develop active TB during and immediately after pregnancy. The immunologic conditions responsible for this phenomenon are not...

Increasing Market and Public Health Outcomes Through Scaling Up Affordable Access Models of Short Course Preventive Therapy for TB (IMPAACT4TB)

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2019-12-17

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Primary Objective: This study is being conducted in Brazil, Cambodia, China, Ethiopia, Ghana, Haiti, India, Indonesia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe. The overall goal is to reduce TB incidence among (1) people living with HIV who are on antiretroviral therapy, and...

Markers of Lung Impairment in HIV-TB Coinfected Indian Adults

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2019-12-11

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Objectives/Aims We will compare the degree of lung impairment between HIV-TB co-infected adults (HIV-TB group) and TB cases without HIV co-infection (TB group) who successfully complete TB therapy. We hypothesize that the HIV-TB group will have a greater degree of lung...

T Cell Biomarkers and T-regulatory Responses to Pediatric TB

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2019-11-21

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The goals of this study are to: Validate host T cell biomarkers for diagnosis of pediatric TB Investigate the phenotype and functions of T-regulatory cells in pediatric TB We will use cryopreserved PBMC samples from CTRIUMPH cohorts: Pediatric unconfirmed TB, confirmed TB, latest Tb, and no TB...

Inflammasome Genetics and Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes

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2019-11-07

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Dr. Amita Gupta is a Co-PI on this study. STUDY DESIGN We will conduct a retrospective case-cohort study nested within the CTRIUMPH and EDOTS cohorts to address our study objectives. This will enable us to measure the association of polymorphisms with multiple clinical outcomes simultaneously and...

Evaluation of a Urinary Biomarker Assay for Diagnosis and Test of Cure for Tuberculosis

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2019-09-09

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Dr. Jeff Tornheim is PI of this study. METHODS This study will make use of biorepository samples from the Cohort for TB Research by the Indo-US Medical Partnership (CTRIUMPh). CTRIUMPh, funded by the US NIH and Indian Department of Biotechnology, is an academic collaboration between Johns Hopkins...

A5300B/I2003B: Protecting Households On Exposure to Newly Diagnosed Index Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients (PHOENIx)

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2019-08-19

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Dr. Amita Gupta is Protocol Co-chair for this multinational clinical trial. BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that there were 480,000 incident cases of MDR-TB globally in 2015. MDR-TB has been shown to be almost twice as common in TB...

A5300B/I2003B: Protecting Households On Exposure to Newly Diagnosed Index Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients (PHOENIx)

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2019-08-19

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Dr. Amita Gupta is Protocol Co-chair for this multinational clinical trial. BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that there were 480,000 incident cases of MDR-TB globally in 2015. MDR-TB has been shown to be almost twice as common in TB...

Visual Field Loss in HIV-Positive Patients of Non-Infectious HIV Retinopathy

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2019-06-02

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New study will assess HIV+ patients and determine the prevalence of visual field loss due to noninfectious HIV retinopathy

Immune Correlates of LTBI in HIV-exposed Infants

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2019-04-29

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About 2 billion people worldwide harbor asymptomatic latent TB infection (LTBI), activation of which results in progression to TB disease. In areas of high tuberculosis (TB) prevalence, infants and young children have a 3-fold higher risk of progression and death from TB at age < 5 years...

P2010: Phase III Study of the Virologic Efficacy and Safety of Dolutegravir-Containing versus Efavirenz-Containing Antiretroviral Therapy Regimens in HIV-1-Infected Pregnant Women and their Infants “VESTED”

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2019-02-06

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This study was terminated September 2, 2021 Full Title: P2010: Phase III Study of the Virologic Efficacy and Safety of Dolutegravir-Containing versus Efavirenz-Containing Antiretroviral Therapy Regimens in HIV-1-Infected Pregnant Women and their Infants “...

Prevalence of Tuberculosis in Severely Malnourished Indian Children

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2018-12-18

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This study is funded and conducted under the U.S. National Institutes of Health, Fogarty International Center. PIs are Robert Bollinger, MD, MPH; Dr. Muralidhar Tambe, BJGMC Severely malnourished children are vulnerable population for communicable and non-communicable...

Characterization of Genomics and Metabolomics among Individuals Highly-Exposed, but Resistant to MTB Infection

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2018-12-13

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New study launched in India & South Africa to identify functional relationships between genomics & metabolomics, & to characterize fundamental biological systems underlying resistance to Mtb infection.

Host RNA Expression for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Pediatric TB in Africa and India

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2018-12-13

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We are leveraging the RePORT platform by including a cohort of Indian children together with South African children in a large validation study to study on changes in gene expression profiles during treatment for TB

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Whole Genome Sequencing Assessing Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Tuberculosis Mutations and Type of Recurrence in India

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2022-10-06

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Clinical Infectious Diseases

Dr. Vidya Mave and colleagues concluded considerable intrahost mycobacterium tuberculosis mutation rates were present at recurrence among patients with diabetes mellitus.

Clinical and Immunological Markers of Pulmonary Impairment Among People With HIV in India

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2022-10-06

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Open Form Infectious Diseases

Dr. Akshay Gupte and team found females were 7 times more likely to have restrictive spirometry pattern and 22 times more likely to have preserved ratio impaired spirometry, compared with men.

Changes in HIV care continuum indicators among community-based samples of HIV-infected people who inject drugs and men who have sex with men across 21 cities in India

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2022-10-06

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AIDS Care

The findings by Drs. Shruti Mehta, Gregory Lucas and colleagues show population-specific interventions and routine surveillance are need to facilitate HIV elimination.

Geographical Differences in the Self-Reported Functional Impairment of People with HIV and Associations with Cardiometabolic Risk

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2022-09-30

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Clinical Infectious Disease

Background We sought to explore multinational differences in functional status by global burden of disease (GBD) regions in the REPRIEVE cohort. Methods REPRIEVE is a prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter, phase III primary cardiovascular prevention study of...

Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling and Simulation of Rifapentine Allow Concomitant Antiretroviral Therapy with Efavirenz and Non-Weight Based Dosing

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2022-09-20

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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

ABSTRACT The Brief Rifapentine–Isoniazid Efficacy for TB Prevention/A5279 trial demonstrated a 1-month daily regimen of rifapentine and isoniazid was noninferior to 9 months of isoniazid alone for preventing TB in persons living with HIV (PLWH). Our objective was to evaluate rifapentine...

Accuracy of Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in adult patients: a retrospective cohort study

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2022-09-01

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International Journal of Infectious Diseases

Abstract Objectives: The value of the "trace" result in Xpert Ultra for diagnosing active tuberculosis (TB) remains unclear. Our study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Xpert Ultra) (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, USA) over Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, USA) and...

Concomitant pulmonary disease is common among patients with extrapulmonary TB

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2022-08-12

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International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease

Dr. Shivakumar and his group discovered that a high proportion of patients classified as EPTB in India have concomitant PTB. Their results support the need for improved symptom and CXR screening, and recommends routine sputum TB microbiology screening of all Indian patients with EPTB.

The association of gestational diabetes with HIV infection and tuberculosis in Indian women

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2022-08-01

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The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

Infection of HIV is associated with an increased diabetes risk, which also increases tuberculosis risk. It is unknown if similar associations exist with gestational diabetes (GDM). We screened pregnant women living with and without HIV for GDM using oral glucose tolerance testing. In a subgroup of...

Development of shortened HIV-related stigma scales for young people living with HIV and young people affected by HIV in India

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2022-07-31

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BMC Health and Quality of Life Outcomes

Background: HIV-related stigma is associated with poor quality of life and poor healthcare-seeking behaviours in young people living with HIV (YPLHIV) and young people affected by HIV (YPAHIV). India has an estimated 120,000 YPLHIV and 4 million YPAHIV, but efforts to measure HIV-related stigma in...

Comparative immune responses to M. tuberculosis in individuals with latent infection or sterile protection against infection

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2022-07-13

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bioRxiv

Summary To identify immunologic targets for tuberculosis vaccines more efficacious than BCG, we investigated the immune responses that differentiate individuals with sterile protection against M. tuberculosis (Mtb) infection (TB-resisters) from those who develop latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI-...

Smokeless tobacco use and oral potentially malignant disorders among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Pune, India: Implications for oral cancer screening in PLHIV

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2022-07-13

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PLOS ONE

Introduction In India, smokeless tobacco (SLT) is a predominant form of tobacco used among people living with HIV (PLHIV). Despite SLT being a risk factor for oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), no prior studies have quantified the association of OPMDs with SLT use among PLHIV. This...

Isoniazid adherence improves survival and incident tuberculosis at 96 weeks among adults initiating antiretroviral therapy with advanced HIV in multiple high burden settings

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2022-07-03

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Open Forum Infectious Diseases

Background People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and advanced immunosuppression initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) remain vulnerable to tuberculosis (TB) and early mortality. To improve early survival, isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) or empiric TB treatment have been evaluated;...

Inflammatory profile associated with insulin resistance in non-overweight versus overweight people living with HIV in Pune, Western India

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2022-07-01

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Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews

Background: People living with HIV have greater diabetes (T2DM) than the general population despite lower prevalence of overweight/obesity. Both insulin resistance (IR), a T2DM precursor, and HIV are independently associated with chronic inflammation. Inflammation may be a pathophysiological link...

Prevalence of neurotoxicity symptoms among postpartum women on Isoniazid Preventive Therapy and Efavirenz-based treatment for HIV—An exploratory objective of the IMPAACT P1078 randomized trial

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2022-06-21

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BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

Background This exploratory analysis investigates the prevalence and risk factors of neurocognitive toxicity in postpartum women on HIV treatment in response to a concern of an Isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT)/Efavirenz interaction. Trial Design Pregnant women on HIV treatment from countries with...

Diagnostic biomarkers for active tuberculosis: Progress and challenges

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2022-06-20

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EMBO Molecular Medicine

Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality from a single infectious agent, despite being preventable and curable. Early and accurate diagnosis of active TB is critical to both enhance patient care, improve patient outcomes, and break Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)...

Assessing tuberculosis risk in pregnant women from the PRACHITi study using transcriptomics

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2022-06-10

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Clinical Infectious Diseases

A new tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic cartridge assay, which detects a 3-gene TB signature in whole blood, was not diagnostic in women with maternal TB disease in India (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.72). In a cohort of pregnant women, we identified a novel gene set for TB diagnosis (AUC = 0.97) and...

A Novel Computer-Based Virtual Counselor-Delivered Alcohol Reduction Intervention : Acceptability, Adaptability and Feasibility among Adults with HIV or TB in Indian Clinical Settings

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2022-05-27

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JMIR Formative Research

Background: Unhealthy alcohol use is associated with increased morbidity and mortality among persons with HIV and tuberculosis (TB). Computer-based interventions (CBIs) can reduce unhealthy alcohol use, are scalable, and may improve outcomes among patients with HIV or TB. Objective: We assessed the...

Clinical and Immunological Markers of Pulmonary Impairment among People with HIV(PWH) in India

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2022-05-12

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Open Forum Infectious Diseases

Background Despite anti-retroviral therapy, chronic lung diseases remain an important source of morbidity and mortality in people with HIV (PWH). We sought to identify clinical and immunological markers of pulmonary impairment among PWH in India. Methods 210 adult PWH receiving antiretroviral...

Clinical and Immunological Markers of Pulmonary Impairment among People Living with HIV in India

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2022-05-11

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Open Forum Infectious Diseases

Background Despite antiretroviral therapy, chronic lung diseases remain an important source of morbidity and mortality in people with HIV (PWH). We sought to identify clinical and immunological markers of pulmonary impairment among PWH in India. Methods Two hundred ten adult PWH receiving...

Performance of Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert Ultra for the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis among Indian children

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2022-04-01

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International Journal of Tuberulosis and Lung Disease

OBJECTIVE: To assess Xpert® MTB/RIF (Xpert) and Xpert® MTB/RIF Ultra (Ultra) performance in diagnosing pediatric tuberculous meningitis (TBM). METHODS: We conducted a study among children with suspected meningoencephalitis in Pune, India. Clinical, radiological, laboratory, and treatment data were...

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