Clinical Research

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This study was terminated August 1, 2019. It was funded and conducted under the U.S. National Institutes of Health and is nested within Impact of Diabetes on TB Treatment Outcomes. Dr. Jonathan Golub was the PI. Studies have shown that individuals with...

Zika Surveillance among Antenatal Clinic Outpatients in BJ Government Medical College and Sassoon General Hospitals, Pune, India

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2017-08-31

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This study was terminated July 21, 2020. Zika virus is a vector-borne disease carried by the mosquito Aedes aegypti . Pregnant women infected with Zika may pass the virus to the fetus, which may cause microcephaly and other severe brain defects. It is also linked to...

Investigating Maternal Antibodies to Modify Infant Tuberculosis Acquisition

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2017-08-29

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New study in Pune, India, aims to identify the profile of TB antibodies between mothers and infants, and to see if the presence of antibodies lowers risk of infant infection.

The Role of Innate Immunity in the Acquisition of Sterile Protection against TB Infection

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2017-08-25

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This study is using stored samples from the Cohort for Tuberculosis Research by the Indo-US Medical Partnership (C-TRIUMPH), under the Regional Prospective Observational Research for Tuberculosis (RePORT) Network, an international TB consortium. Tuberculosis (TB) is a major...

Validation of Transcriptional Signature to Predict Active TB Disease among Advanced HIV Patients

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2017-08-15

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This study was terminated June 20, 2021. There have been tremendous advances in the diagnosis of patients with tuberculosis (TB) based on nucleic acid amplification of bacteria in the sputum. The GenXpert MTB/RIF provides results in 2 hours. However, in HIV-infected sputum...

Antimicrobial Use and Diagnosis among Hospitalized Febrile Patients in Pune, India

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2017-08-07

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Antimicrobial resistance, a leading threat to human health, is enabled by unnecessary antibiotic use. Strategies to reduce unnecessary antibiotic use in India, the world’s largest antibiotic consumer, are urgently needed. Although most patients hospitalized in India with acute febrile illness...

Association of Lipid Mediators of Inflammation with TB Treatment Outcomes

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2017-08-03

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This study was terminated July 22, 2019. This study used stored samples from the Cohort for Tuberculosis Research by the Indo-US Medical Partnership (C-TRIUMPH), under the Regional Prospective Observational Research for Tuberculosis (RePORT) Network, an international TB...

Optimizing Treatment to Improve TBM Outcomes in Children: Substudy on Clinical Profile and CSF Biorepository of the Pediatric Suspected Meningitis Cases

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2017-07-18

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This sub-study is being led by PIs Dr. Kelly Dooley and Dr. Chhaya Valvi. Meningoencephalitis is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Several viruses, bacteria, and fungal pathogens including Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Mycobacterium...

A5332: Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV – REPRIEVE

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2017-06-09

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This study is conducted under the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) and funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health. This is a prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter efficacy study in 6500 subjects, with individual subjects to be followed...

A5349: Rifapentine-containing Treatment Shortening Regimens for Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Randomized, Open-label, Controlled Phase 3 Clinical Trial

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2017-06-05

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This study is conducted under the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) and funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health. This is an international, multicenter, randomized, controlled, open-label, 3-arm, phase 3 non-inferiority trial. Primary Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of a rifapentine-...

Understanding Quality of Life during and Loss to Follow-up from Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment in Pune, India

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2017-05-15

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This study will examine a) risk factors for loss to follow-up from DR-TB treatment, b) actively trace DR-TB patients lost to follow-up from treatment and c) establish a prospective observational cohort of MDR-TB, XDR-TB and DS-TB patients as well as healthy controls nested within ongoing...

Risk Factors for Unfavourable Treatment Outcomes among Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients in Public Sector Treatment in Pune

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2017-03-29

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This study is funded and conducted under the U.S. National Institutes of Health, Fogarty International Center. This study seeks to identify risk factors associated with unfavourable treatment outcomes (death, treatment failure, default, XDR-TB) among multidrug-resistant...

MDR-TB Free: Monitoring Adverse Effects, Utilizing Resources Optimally, Knowing Resistance Patterns, and Treatment Strategy

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2017-03-24

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Hinduja Hospital

This study is also known as MDR-TB MUKT: Monitoring Adverse Effects, Utilizing Resources Optimally, Knowing Resistance Patterns, and Treatment Strategy. Purpose: To establish an observational cohort of MDR-TB cases and household contacts with accompanying biorepository at PD Hinduja National...

Biomarkers for Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment Response

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2017-03-24

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This study is conducted by the Cohort for Tuberculosis Research by the Indo-US Medical Partnership (C-TRIUMPH) under the Regional Prospective Observational Research for Tuberculosis (RePORT) Network, an international TB consortium. Aims: ...

Impact of HIV and Diabetes Mellitus on TB Drug Resistance and Recurrence

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2017-03-02

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This study was terminated in January 2021. Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of mortality globally. With increasing burden of HIV and diabetes mellitus (DM), there is a critical need to understand the microbial response and ensuing disease dynamics of TB in the HIV-infected and diabetic host...

Multicenter Study of the Accuracy of the BD MAX MDR-TB Assay for Detection of M. tuberculosis Complex and Mutations Associated with Resistance to Rifampin or Isoniazid

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2017-03-01

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In a multi-country study, we are assessing the accuracy of the BD MAX rapid MDR-TB assay to detect rifampin and isoniazid resistance.

TREAT Asia Pediatric HIV Observational Database

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2017-02-09

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Studies conducted under the TREAT Asia Network and funded by amfAR. TREAT Asia Pediatric HIV Observational Database (TApHOD) is a collaborative observational cohort study of infants, children, and adolescents living with HIV. TApHOD study participants are...

TREAT Asia Observational Database

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2017-02-09

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Study conducted under the TREAT Asia Network and funded by amfAR. The TREAT Asia Observational Database's primary study objective is to: Examine HIV natural history, including the relationship between access to ART, demographics, and...

Healthcare-Associated Sepsis in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Pune, India

Post Date:

2017-01-17

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DY Patil

This study is part of CDC's Safe Healthcare, Epidemiology, and Prevention Research Development (SHEPheRD) Program under Domain 7: International HAI and Other Adverse Healthcare Event Prevention. Johns Hopkins neonatologist Dr. Julia Johnson is lead investigator for a systematic study of the...

Bacterial Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Pune, India: Substudy on the Introduction of Triage to a Triage Naïve Emergency Department in Pune, India, and the Effects on Patient Flow

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2017-01-01

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Despite state-of-the-art inpatient facilities, Sassoon General Hospital (SGH) in Pune, India, does not currently have a method of triaging the large volume of patients they care for on a daily basis. Based on prior studies in low to middle income countries...

Validation of New Interactive Nutrition Assistant - Diet in India Study of Health (NINA-DISH) FFQ with multiple 24-h dietary recalls among pregnant women in Pune, India

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2021-11-02

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The British Journal of Nutrition

Adequate dietary intake is critical to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes. India has a high burden of maternal and child morbidity and mortality, but there is a lack of adequate tools to assess dietary intake. We validate an FFQ, New Interactive Nutrition Assistant - Diet in India Study of Health (NINA-DISH), among pregnant women living with and without HIV in Pune, India.

Tuberculosis Pathways to Care and Transmission of Multidrug-Resistance in India

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2021-11-01

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American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Rationale: India is experiencing a regional increase in cases of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Given the complexity of MDR-TB diagnosis and care, we sought to address key knowledge gaps in MDR risk factors, care delays, and drivers of delay to help guide disease control. Methods: From...

Outbreak of Mucormycosis in Coronavirus Disease Patients, Pune, India

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2021-09-29

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Emerging Infectious Diseases

Abstract We provide an overview of the epidemiology and clinical course of mucormycosis in the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic era. We conducted a retrospective chart review of 178 patients with clinical or diagnostic, endoscopically or histopathologically confirmed rhino-sino-orbital or...

Immunologic effects of pregnancy on M. tuberculosis: methodology of an observational cohoStages of pregnancy and HIV affect diagnosis of tuberculosis infection and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)-induced immune response: Findings from PRACHITi, a cohort

Post Date:

2021-09-21

Publication:

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

Background Accurate tuberculosis infection (TBI) tests are critical for pregnant women, especially those with HIV, who have a high risk of TB disease. Methods We enrolled interferon gamma release assay (IGRA)+ pregnant women with and without HIV in a longitudinal study, followed up at delivery and...

Health Systems and Tuberculosis Control

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2021-09-20

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Essential Tuberculosis

This chapter discusses the relationship between health systems and organization of tuberculosis (TB) control, which is generally a part and parcel of a health system. It juxtaposes the six building blocks of a health system identified by the World Health Organization (WHO) on WHO’s End TB...

Resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection among household contacts: a multinational study

Post Date:

2021-09-15

Publication:

Clinical Infectious Diseases

Background Some contacts of patients with tuberculosis remain negative on tests for tuberculosis infection, despite prolonged exposure, suggesting they might be resistant to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The objective of this multinational study was to estimate the proportion of household...

Sex and gender differences in COVID testing, hospital admission, presentation, and drivers of severe outcomes in the DC/Maryland region

Post Date:

2021-08-31

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United States

Publication:

medRxiv

Rates of severe illness and mortality from SARS-CoV-2 are greater for males, but the mechanisms for this difference are unclear.

Modern lineages of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were recently introduced in western India and demonstrate increased transmissibility

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2021-08-21

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Open Forum Infectious Diseases

Background Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) transmissibility may vary between lineages (or variants) and this may contribute to the slow decline of tuberculosis (TB) incidence. The objective of our study was to compare transmissibility across four major lineages (L1-4) of Mtb among participants...

Urine LAM Testing in Advanced HIV-Infected Adults in a Trial of Empiric TB Therapy

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2021-08-15

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Clinical Infectious Diseases

Background The urine lipoarabinomannan (LAM) antigen test is a tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic test with highest sensitivity in individuals with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Its role in TB diagnostic algorithms for HIV-positive outpatients remains unclear. Methods The AIDS Clinical...

Sex-biased clinical presentation and outcomes from COVID-19

Post Date:

2021-08-01

Publication:

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

Around the world, while males and females are equally likely to test positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), males are significantly more likely to be hospitalized, to be admitted into intensive care units, and to die from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) [1,2...

Linezolid resistance mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates at a tertiary center in Mumbai, India

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2021-07-01

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Indian Journal of Medical Research

Background & objectives: Linezolid (LZD) is increasingly being used in tuberculosis (TB) treatment. However, LZD resistance has already been reported, which is highly alarming, given its critical therapeutic role. This study was aimed to phenotypically and genotypically assess LZD resistance in...

Integrative multi-omics reveals serum markers of tuberculosis in advanced HIV

Post Date:

2021-06-08

Publication:

Frontiers in Immunology

Tuberculosis (TB) accounts for disproportionate morbidity and mortality among persons living with HIV (PLWH). Conventional methods of TB diagnosis, including smear microscopy and Xpert MTB/RIF, have lower sensitivity in PLWH. Novel high-throughput approaches, such as miRNAomics and metabolomics,...

Drivers and barriers to workplace-based HIV self-testing among high risk men in Uganda: a qualitative study

Post Date:

2021-05-27

Publication:

BMC Public Health

Background Men in Sub-Saharan Africa are less engaged than women in accessing HIV testing and treatment and, consequently, experience higher HIV-related mortality. Reaching men with HIV testing services is challenging, thus, increasing the need for innovative ways to engage men with low access and...

Delayed rise of oral fluid antibodies, elevated BMI, and absence of early fever correlate with longer time to SARS-CoV-2 RNA clearance in a longitudinally sampled cohort of COVID-19 outpatients

Post Date:

2021-04-16

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Open Forum Infectious Diseases

Background Sustained molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the upper respiratory tract (URT) in mild to moderate COVID-19 is common. We sought to identify host and immune determinants of prolonged SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection. Methods Ninety-five outpatients self-collected mid-turbinate nasal,...

Diabetes Mellitus and Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes in Pune, India

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2021-04-01

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Open Forum Infectious Diseases

Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases the risk of tuberculosis (TB) disease. Knowledge of the impact of DM on TB treatment outcomes is primarily based on retrospective studies. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study of new pulmonary TB patients with and without DM (TB-DM and TB only...

Comparison of Time to Clinical Improvement With vs Without Remdesivir Treatment in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19

Post Date:

2021-03-24

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United States

Publication:

JAMA Network Open

Just Published in JAMA Network Open: In this retrospective analysis, remdesivir was associated with faster clinical improvement of COVID-19 in a cohort of predominantly non-White patients

Unhealthy alcohol use independently associated with unfavorable TB treatment outcomes among Indian men

Post Date:

2021-03-10

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