Research News

November 22, 2022

To determine the mechanisms that mediate resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) infection in household contacts (HHCs) of patients with tuberculosis (TB), we followed 452 latent TB infection-negative (LTBI-) HHCs for 2 years.

Clinical Research

Leadership
Our Indo-JHU Clinical Research Partnership is located in Pune and is directed by Dr. Amita Gupta (Baltimore, MD), with onsite direction from Dr. Vidya Mave, Dr. Nishi Suryavanshi, and Dr. Nikhil Gupte (Pune). The Indo-JHU Partnership employs more than 200 people and in addition to our memberships in consortia with many esteemed Indian research institutions, we have formal agreements with:
 
 

Advancing the development of new tuberculosis treatment regimens: The essential role of translational and clinical pharmacology and microbiology

Post Date: 
2019-07-15
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
PLoS Medicine
Summary points Translational and clinical pharmacology are the state-of-the-art tools used by drug developers to efficiently move compounds and regimens through all drug development phases. Tuberculosis drug and regimen development, though, has traditionally underutilized these modern, model-based...

Long-acting or extended-release antiretroviral products for HIV treatment and prevention in infants, children, adolescents, and pregnant and breastfeeding women: knowledge gaps and research priorities

Post Date: 
2019-07-15
Publication: 
Lancet HIV
Lancet HIV : This paper summarizes findings of the Long acting/Extended Release Antiretroviral Resource Program workshop, and offers recommendations for developing ARV products for HIV treatment and prevention in infants, children, adolescents, and pregnant and breastfeeding women

Advancing the development of new tuberculosis treatment regimens: The essential role of translational and clinical pharmacology and microbiology

Post Date: 
2019-07-05
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
PLOS
Application of clinical pharmacology best practices is essential to the efficient and rational development of drugs. In general, knowledge gained about exposure–response relationships in preclinical models aids drug and dose selection in human studies, and biomarkers and pharmacokinetic (PK) data...

Mobile phone access and comfort: implications for HIV and tuberculosis care in India and South Africa.

Post Date: 
2019-07-01
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
SETTING: India and South Africa shoulder the greatest burden of tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection respectively, but care retention is suboptimal. OBJECTIVE: We conducted a study in Pune, India, and Matlosana, South Africa ...

Age-specific prevalence of TB infection among household contacts of pulmonary tuberculosis: Is it time for TB preventive therapy?

Post Date: 
2019-06-21
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
BACKGROUND: Household contacts (HHCs) of TB patients are at high risk of developing evidence of latent TB infection (LTBI) and active disease from the index patient. We estimated the age-specific prevalence of LTBI and the force of infection (FI), as a measure of recent transmission, among HHCs of...

Users beware! Biological variation in complete blood counts over short time intervals

Post Date: 
2019-05-29
Publication: 
BMJ Evidence Based Medicine
New publication in BMJ Evidence Based Medicine looks at CBC count variations in blood drawn over a short time period

Assessment of lung function in successfully treated tuberculosis reveals high burden of ventilatory defects and COPD

Post Date: 
2019-05-23
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
PLoS One
New in PLoS One: We found a high burden of lung function defects and COPD in tuberculosis cases who successfully completed treatment, suggesting a need for lung function screening as part of patient management.

Subtherapeutic rifampicin concentration is associated with unfavourable tuberculosis treatment outcomes

Post Date: 
2019-05-10
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Rifampicin concentrations were sub-therapeutic in most Indian patients taking a thrice-weekly TB regimen

Respiratory health status is associated with treatment outcomes in pulmonary tuberculosis

Post Date: 
2019-04-19
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
BACKGROUND: The association between respiratory impairment and tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes is not clear. METHODS: We prospectively evaluated respiratory health status, measured using the Saint George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), in a cohort of new adult pulmonary TB cases during and...

The burden of diabetes in India

Post Date: 
2019-04-01
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
The Lancet Global Health
The India State-Level Disease Burden Initiative Diabetes Collaborators (December, 2018)1 provide a comprehensive overview of the diabetes burden in India. The authors point out some limitations in estimates due to inadequacies in the data. Nevertheless, on the basis of my field experience in India...

A population pharmacokinetic analysis shows that arylacetamide deacetylase (AADAC) gene polymorphism and HIV infection affect the exposure of rifapentine

Post Date: 
2019-03-29
   |   
Countries: 
United States
Publication: 
Antimicrobial Agents Chemotherapy
New analysis published in Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy!

Feasibility of identifying household contacts of rifampin- and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis cases at high risk of progression to tuberculosis disease

Post Date: 
2019-03-28
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
We assessed multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) cases and their household contacts (HHCs) to inform the development of an interventional clinical trial.

Willingness to take multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) preventive therapy among adult and adolescent household contacts of MDR-TB index cases: an international multi-site cross-sectional study

Post Date: 
2019-03-28
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Abstract BACKGROUND: Household contacts (HHCs) of individuals with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) are at high risk of infection and subsequent disease. There is limited evidence on the willingness of MDR-TB HHCs to take MDR-TB preventive therapy (TPT) to decrease their risk of TB disease...

Building the framework for standardized clinical laboratory reporting of next generation sequencing data for resistance-associated mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex

Post Date: 
2019-03-18
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Abstract Tuberculosis is the primary infectious disease killer worldwide, with a growing threat from multidrug- resistant cases. Unfortunately, classic growth-based phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (DST) remains difficult, costly and time-consuming, while current rapid molecular testing...

One month of rifapentine plus isoniazid to prevent HIV-related tuberculosis

Post Date: 
2019-03-14
Publication: 
New England Journal of Medicine
Exciting findings from A5279: One month of Rifapentine with isonaizid is as effective as a 9-month course of isoniazid alone!

Elevated highly sensitive C-reactive protein and d-dimer levels are associated with food insecurity among people living with HIV in Pune, India

Post Date: 
2019-03-04
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
Public Health Nutrition
Abstract OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence and determinants of food insecurity among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Pune, India and its association with biomarkers known to confer increased risks of morbidity and mortality in this population. DESIGN:...

Female global health leadership: Data-driven approaches to close the gender gap

Post Date: 
2019-02-09
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
The Lancet
Lancet article investigates gender-based challenges of female health trainees and professionals and identifies interventions

Few eligible for the newly recommended short course MDR-TB regimen at a large Mumbai private clinic

Post Date: 
2019-01-28
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
Hinduja Hospital
Publication: 
BMC Infectious Diseases
BACKGROUND: India has the world's highest tuberculosis burden, and Mumbai is particularly affected by multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). WHO recommends short, intensive treatment ("Short Course") for previously untreated pulmonary MDR-TB patients but does not require universal...

Symptom screening for active tuberculosis in pregnant women living with HIV

Post Date: 
2019-01-24
Publication: 
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Diagnostic test accuracy). The objectives are as follows: To assess the accuracy of the four-symptom screen (cough, fever, night sweats, or weight loss) for identifying active TB in pregnant PLHIV who are screened in an outpatient or community setting...

Is there a connection between gestational diabetes, human immunodeficiency virus infection, and tuberculosis?

Post Date: 
2019-01-01
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
IJTLD article reviews the epidemiology and immunology of gestational diabetes and finds there's a lot we don't know about interactions between diabetes, pregnancy, and tuberculosis in both HIV+/- women

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