Treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis

Post Date: 
2017-04-27
Publication: 
Handbook of Tuberculosis
This chapter addresses the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis highlighting drug classes, recommended regimens, adverse drug reactions, drug-drug interactions, and practical aspects of monitoring, The principles of treatment of latent tuberculosis are also addressed including whom to treat,...

Clinical features and diagnosis of tuberculosis: primary infection and progressive pulmonary tuberculosis

Post Date: 
2017-04-27
Publication: 
Handbook of Tuberculosis
In this chapter, we will review the clinical manifestations of intrathoracic tuberculosis (TB), including pathophysiology and clinical features of primary and secondary or reactivation TB. Specific topics discussed are the physical examination, and microbiological, radiological, and...

Resident doctors' attitudes toward tuberculosis patients

Post Date: 
2017-04-15
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
Indian Journal of Tuberculosis
Background: The attitude of the resident doctors toward tuberculosis (TB) patients can affect their treatment seeking behavior, compliance to treatment as well as reinforce the stigma attached to the disease by the society at large. Aims: To assess the attitudes...

Novel interferon-gamma assays for diagnosing tuberculosis in young children in India

Post Date: 
2017-04-01
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
Setting: The tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) are used as supportive evidence to diagnose active tuberculosis (TB). Novel IGRAs could improve diagnosis, but data are lacking in young children. Design: Children (age 5 years or...

The epidemiology, pathogenesis, transmission, diagnosis, and management of multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant, and incurable tuberculosis

Post Date: 
2017-03-24
Publication: 
The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
Global tuberculosis incidence has declined marginally over the past decade, and tuberculosis remains out of control in several parts of the world including Africa and Asia. Although tuberculosis control has been effective in some regions of the world, these gains are threatened by the increasing...

Drug-resistant tuberculosis in 2017: at a crossroads

Post Date: 
2017-03-15
Publication: 
Lancet Respiratory Medicine
In The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, Dheda and colleagues present one of the most comprehensive pictures to date of the global epidemic of drug-resistant tuberculosis. This comes at a time of increasing awareness of antimicrobial resistance as a global threat, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis...

Modelling approaches for tuberculosis: are they realistic?

Post Date: 
2017-03-01
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
The Lancet Global Health
Letter by Dr. Sachin Atre in The Lancet Global Health.

Vitamin A and D deficiencies associated with incident tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients initiating antiretroviral therapy in multinational case-cohort study

Post Date: 
2017-02-06
   |   
Countries: 
Brazil
Haiti
India
Malawi
Peru
South Africa
Thailand
United States
Zimbabwe
Publication: 
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
Introduction: Numerous micronutrients have immunomodulatory roles that may influence risk of tuberculosis (TB), but the association between baseline micronutrient deficiencies and incident TB after antiretroviral (ART) initiation in HIV-infected individuals is not well characterized. ...

Tuberculosis associated with HIV infection

Post Date: 
2017-01-15
Publication: 
Microbiology Spectrum
Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) has recently surpassed HIV as the primary infectious disease killer worldwide, but the two diseases continue to display lethal synergy. The burden of TB is disproportionately borne by people living with HIV, particularly where HIV and poverty...

Bedaquiline

Post Date: 
2017-01-01
Publication: 
Kucers’ the Use of Antibiotics: A Clinical Review of Antibacterial, Antifungal, and Antiviral Drugs, 7th Edition
Section II, Antibiotics: Part 12 Anti-tuberculosis drugs.

Tuberculosis burden in India's private sector

Post Date: 
2016-11-15
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
The Lancet Infectious Disease
Reply to author's reply

Mandatory tuberculosis case notification in high tuberculosis-incidence countries: policy and practice

Post Date: 
2016-10-20
Publication: 
European Respiratory Journal
Mandatory tuberculosis (TB) notification is an important policy under the End TB Strategy, but little is known about its enforcement especially in high TB incidence countries. We undertook a literature search for selected high-incidence countries, followed by a questionnaire-based survey...

Quantitative IFN-y,IL-2 response and latent tuberculosis test discordance in HIV-infected pregnant women

Post Date: 
2016-06-15
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
Rationale: Pregnant women with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) are at high risk for development of TB, especially if infected with HIV. Objectives: To assess the performance of LTBI tests in pregnant and postpartum women infected with HIV, investigate the...

Isoniazid hair concentrations in children with tuberculosis: a proof of concept study

Post Date: 
2016-06-01
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
NIRT
Publication: 
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
Assessing treatment adherence and quantifying exposure to anti-tuberculosis drugs among children is challenging. We undertook a 'proof of concept' study to assess the drug concentrations of isoniazid (INH) in hair as a therapeutic drug monitoring tool. Children aged <12 years initiated on...

Applying ethical principles to international community-based research; a case study from the Consortium to Respond Effectively to the AIDS/TB Epidemic

Post Date: 
2016-05-15
This paper describes how one set of HIV-TB prevention research studies put procedures in place to be responsive to these foundational ethical principles when interacting with communities in large population-based, global public health research.

Management and control of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB): addressing policy needs for India

Post Date: 
2016-05-06
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Journal of Public Health Policy
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) challenges TB control efforts because of delays in diagnosis plus its long-term treatment which has toxic effects. Of TB high-incidence countries, India carries the highest burden of MDR-TB cases. We describe policy issues in India concerning MDR-TB...

Tuberculosis risk among medical trainees, Pune, India

Post Date: 
2016-03-22
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
Emerging Infectious Diseases
During 2012–2013, at a public hospital in Pune, India, 26 (3.9%) cases of tuberculosis were reported among 662 medical trainees, representing an estimated incidence of 3,279 cases/100,000 person-years. Three of these infections were isoniazid-resistant, 1 was multidrug-resistant, and 1...

Empirical tuberculosis therapy versus isoniazid in adult outpatients with advanced HIV initiating antiretroviral therapy (REMEMBER): a multicountry open-label randomised controlled trial

Post Date: 
2016-03-19
   |   
Countries: 
Brazil
Haiti
India
Kenya
Malawi
Peru
South Africa
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
The Lancet
Background: Mortality within the first 6 months after initiating antiretroviral therapy is common in resource-limited settings and is often due to tuberculosis in patients with advanced HIV disease. Isoniazid preventive therapy is recommended in HIV-positive adults, but subclinical...

Cohort for Tuberculosis Research by the Indo-US Medical Partnership (C-TRIUMPH): protocol for a multicentric prospective observational study

Post Date: 
2016-02-25
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
NIRT
Publication: 
BMJ Open
Introduction: Tuberculosis disease (TB) remains an important global health threat. An evidence-based response, tailored to local disease epidemiology in high-burden countries, is key to controlling the global TB epidemic. Reliable surrogate biomarkers that predict key active disease and...

Low Vitamin-D levels combined with PKP3-SIGIRR-TMEM16J host variants is strongly associated with tuberculosis and death in HIV-infected and -exposed infants

Post Date: 
2016-02-12
   |   
Countries: 
South Africa
Publication: 
PLOS One
Background: This study examined the associations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and specific host genetic variants that affect vitamin D levels or its effects on immune function, with the risk of TB or mortality in children. Methods: A case-cohort sample of 466 South African infants...

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