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Targeted next generation sequencing directly from sputum for comprehensive genetic information on drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Post Date:

2021-07-13

Countries:

Publication:

Tuberculosis

Background: Timely drug resistance detection is essential to global tuberculosis management. Unfortunately, rapid molecular tests assess resistance to only a few drugs, with culture required for comprehensive susceptibility test results. Methods: We evaluated targeted next generation sequencing (...

Linezolid resistance mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates at a tertiary center in Mumbai, India

Post Date:

2021-07-01

Countries:

India

Publication:

Indian Journal of Medical Research

Background & objectives: Linezolid (LZD) is increasingly being used in tuberculosis (TB) treatment. However, LZD resistance has already been reported, which is highly alarming, given its critical therapeutic role. This study was aimed to phenotypically and genotypically assess LZD resistance in...

Integrative multi-omics reveals serum markers of tuberculosis in advanced HIV

Post Date:

2021-06-08

Publication:

Frontiers in Immunology

Tuberculosis (TB) accounts for disproportionate morbidity and mortality among persons living with HIV (PLWH). Conventional methods of TB diagnosis, including smear microscopy and Xpert MTB/RIF, have lower sensitivity in PLWH. Novel high-throughput approaches, such as miRNAomics and metabolomics,...

Drivers and barriers to workplace-based HIV self-testing among high risk men in Uganda: a qualitative study

Post Date:

2021-05-27

Publication:

BMC Public Health

Background Men in Sub-Saharan Africa are less engaged than women in accessing HIV testing and treatment and, consequently, experience higher HIV-related mortality. Reaching men with HIV testing services is challenging, thus, increasing the need for innovative ways to engage men with low access and...

Delayed rise of oral fluid antibodies, elevated BMI, and absence of early fever correlate with longer time to SARS-CoV-2 RNA clearance in a longitudinally sampled cohort of COVID-19 outpatients

Post Date:

2021-04-16

Publication:

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

Background Sustained molecular detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the upper respiratory tract (URT) in mild to moderate COVID-19 is common. We sought to identify host and immune determinants of prolonged SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection. Methods Ninety-five outpatients self-collected mid-turbinate nasal,...

Diabetes Mellitus and Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes in Pune, India

Post Date:

2021-04-01

Countries:

India

Clinical Sites:

BJGMC

Publication:

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases the risk of tuberculosis (TB) disease. Knowledge of the impact of DM on TB treatment outcomes is primarily based on retrospective studies. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study of new pulmonary TB patients with and without DM (TB-DM and TB only...

Comparison of Time to Clinical Improvement With vs Without Remdesivir Treatment in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19

Post Date:

2021-03-24

Countries:

United States

Publication:

JAMA Network Open

Just Published in JAMA Network Open: In this retrospective analysis, remdesivir was associated with faster clinical improvement of COVID-19 in a cohort of predominantly non-White patients

Unhealthy alcohol use independently associated with unfavorable TB treatment outcomes among Indian men

Post Date:

2021-03-10

Countries:

India

Clinical Sites:

BJGMC

NIRT

Publication:

International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease

This study by Samyra Cox and colleagues highlights the need for integrating effective alcohol interventions into TB care.

Development of Severe COVID-19 Adaptive Risk Predictor (SCARP), a Calculator to Predict Severe Disease or Death in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19

Post Date:

2021-03-02

Publication:

Annals of Internal Medicine

Dr. Matt Robinson and colleagues developed a real-time tool that can predict severe disease or death among COVID patients

Drug susceptibility patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from adults with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis and Implications for a Household Contact Preventive Therapy Trial

Post Date:

2021-02-24

Publication:

BMC Infectious Diseases

Background Drug susceptibility testing (DST) patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) from patients with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) or multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB; or resistant to rifampicin and isoniazid (INH)), are important to guide preventive therapy for their household...

A two-gene signature for tuberculosis diagnosis in persons with advanced HIV

Post Date:

2021-02-21

Publication:

Frontiers in Immunology

Background: Transcriptomic signatures for tuberculosis (TB) have been proposed and represent a promising diagnostic tool. Data remain limited in persons with advanced HIV. Methods: We enrolled 30 patients with advanced HIV (CD4 <100 cells/mm3) in India; 16 with active TB and 14 without. Whole-...

Systemic Inflammation in Pregnant Women With Latent Tuberculosis Infection

Post Date:

2021-01-27

Countries:

India

Publication:

Frontiers in Immunology

Background: Recent studies in adults have characterized differences in systemic inflammation between adults with and without latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI+ vs. LTBI-). Potential differences in systemic inflammation by LTBI status has not been assess in pregnant women. Methods: We conducted a...

Higher interleukin-6 levels and changes in transforming growth factor-β are associated with lung impairment in pulmonary tuberculosis

Post Date:

2021-01-18

Countries:

India

Publication:

ERJ Open Resource

Higher levels of IL-6 and slow-to-resolve TGF-β are associated with lung impairment in treated tuberculosis. These results have important implications for clinical trials of immunomodulatory therapies to prevent tuberculosis-associated lung disease. http://openres.ersjournals.com/lookup/doi/...

Pharmacogenetic interactions of rifapentine plus isoniazid with efavirenz or nevirapine

Post Date:

2021-01-15

Countries:

India

Publication:

Pharmacogenetics and Genomics

Objectives: The effect of rifapentine plus isoniazid on efavirenz pharmacokinetics was characterized in AIDS Clinical Trials Group protocol A5279 (NCT01404312). The present analyses characterize pharmacogenetic interactions between these drugs, and with nevirapine. Methods: A subset of HIV-positive...

Detection of genital tuberculosis among women with infertility using best clinical practices in India: An implementation study

Post Date:

2021-01-15

Countries:

India

Clinical Sites:

BJGMC

Publication:

Indian Journal of Tuberculosis

Background Diagnosis of genital tuberculosis (TB) as a cause of infertility still remains a diagnostic dilemma for clinicians, as no standard guidelines exist. The recently proposed best practices for genital TB diagnosis have not been evaluated yet in India. Objectives To implement best practices...

Association of Maternal Inflammation During Pregnancy: Relationship with Birth Outcomes & Infant Growth Among Women with and without HIV in India

Post Date:

2021-01-12

Countries:

India

Publication:

JAMA Network Open

Abstract Importance The association of elevated levels of specific inflammatory markers during pregnancy with adverse birth outcomes and infant growth could indicate pathways for potential interventions. Objective To evaluate whether higher levels of certain inflammatory markers during pregnancy...

Stages of pregnancy and HIV affect diagnosis of tuberculosis infection and Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (MTB)-induced immune response: Findings from PRACHITi, a cohort study in Pune, India

Post Date:

2021-01-11

Countries:

India

Publication:

IJID

Background Accurate tuberculosis infection (TBI) tests are critical for pregnant women, especially those with HIV, who have a high risk of TB disease. Methods We enrolled interferon gamma release assay (IGRA)+ pregnant women with and without HIV in a longitudinal study, followed up at delivery and...

Higher IL-6 Levels and Changes in TGF-β are Associated with Lung Impairment in Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Post Date:

2021-01-08

Countries:

India

Publication:

ERJ

Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is associated with granuloma formation, necrosis and cavitation in lung tissue. Lung injury in PTB can persist despite microbiological cure and is associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) independent of smoking exposure[1]. Furthermore, pulmonary...

Validation of NINA-DISH food frequency questionnaire with multiple 24-hour dietary recalls among pregnant women in Pune, India

Post Date:

2021-01-06

Countries:

India

Publication:

The British Journal of Nutrition

Adequate dietary intake is critical to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes. India has a high burden of maternal and child morbidity and mortality, but there is a lack of adequate tools to assess dietary intake. We validate a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), New-Interactive Nutrition Assistant-...

The clinical course of COVID-19 in the outpatient setting: a prospective cohort study

Post Date:

2021-01-05

Publication:

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

Background Outpatient coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been insufficiently characterized. To determine the progression of disease and determinants of hospitalization, we conducted a prospective cohort study. Methods Outpatient adults with positive reverse transcription polymerase chain...