Bob Bollinger, MD, MPH

Role: 
Faculty
Raj and Kamla Gupta Professor of Infectious Diseases, Professor of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing

Dr. Bollinger is the Raj and Kamla Gupta Professor of Infectious Diseases at the Johns Hopkins University (JHU) School of Medicine. He holds joint appointments in International Health at the Johns Hopkins (JH) Bloomberg School of Public Health, and in Community Public Health at the JH School of Nursing.  From 2005-2022, he was the Founding Director of the JH Center for Clinical Global Health Education (now CCGHE-ID), which was the home of the Johns Hopkins Division of Infectious Diseases research program in Pune, India until the establishment of the Center for Infectious Diseases in India (CIDI).  He is Associate Director for Medicine of the JH Center for Global Health and is a member of the Faculty Steering Committee of the Johns Hopkins Gupta Klinsky India Institute.  Is a member of the faculty advisory group for the JH Precision Medicine Center of Excellence for COVID-19 and the JH Center for Innovative Diagnostics in Infectious Diseases (CDID).  He has served as a member of the US Presidential Advisory Council for HIV/AIDS (PACHA), the PACHA International Sub-committee, the Institute of Medicine Forum on Public-Private Partnerships for Global Health and Safety, and the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) Fogarty International Center Advisory Board.

Dr. Bollinger has worked for more than 40 years with partners in India on a wide range of public health, clinical research, and education programs, including projects focused on HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, leprosy, dengue, antibiotic resistant infections, COVID-19 and other emerging diseases. His research interests include identifying biological and behavioral risk factors for HIV and TB transmission; characterizing the clinical progression and treatment of HIV, TB and related infections; development/evaluation of novel point-of-care diagnostics and implementation of research projects to optimize equitable access to healthcare capacity and delivery in resource-limited communities.

In 1991, he initiated an NIH-funded Indo-US HIV research program in Pune, India, involving the National AIDS Research Institute/ICMR and the BJ Government Medical College. He has served as Principal Investigator for many NIH-supported studies and clinical trials in Pune, including the SWEN study, which led to changes in World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for treatment of infants born to HIV positive mothers to prevent mother-to-child transmission. Under his 26 years as leader of the Hopkins India Fogarty International Research Training Program, short-term and degree training was provided to more than 140 visiting Indian scientists at JHU, and in-country training provided to more than 2,000 Indian scientists. His commitment to education has been honored with the Johns Hopkins Department of Medicine David M. Levine Excellence in Mentoring Award.

Dr. Bollinger is author of more than 220 peer-reviewed research publications and 15 book chapters, including the first and largest studies of risk factors for HIV transmission in India, the cloning and sequencing of the first HIV viruses from India, the only studies characterizing the primary immune response to HIV in India, and the demonstration of increased risk of HIV acquisition with recent HSV infection and lack of circumcision. Dr. Bollinger received an undergraduate degree from Haverford College, a Doctor of Medicine from Dartmouth Medical School, and a Master of Public Health from JH Bloomberg School of Public Health. He completed his internal medicine training at the University of Maryland Medical Systems, followed by a post-doctoral fellowship in infectious diseases at JHU School of Medicine. He is board certified by the American Board of Internal Medicine in internal medicine and infectious diseases. 

Mortality and clinical characteristics of hospitalized adult patients with HIV in Pune, India

Post Date: 
2007-08-01
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Publication: 
Indian Journal of Medical Research
Background and Objective: In India, data regarding mortality and clinical characteristics of hospitalized HIV-infected patients are sparse, which may limit the effectiveness of new hospital-based HIV programmes providing antiretroviral therapy (ART). The objective of our study was to...

Post-partum TB incidence and mortality among HIV-infected women and their infants in Pune, India 2002-2005

Post Date: 
2007-07-15
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Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Background: In contrast with many other countries, isoniazid preventative therapy is not recommended in clinical care guidelines for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons with latent tuberculosis (TB) in India. Methods: Seven hundred fifteen...

Clinically significant anemia in HIV-infected pregnant women in India is not a major barrier to zidovudine use for prevention of maternal-to-child transmission

Post Date: 
2007-06-01
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Publication: 
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of anemia (serum hemoglobin <10 g/dL) and assess zidovudine use and toxicity in HIV-positive pregnant women in India. Methods: From 2002 through 2006, 24,105 pregnant women in Pune were screened for HIV and anemia. As part of...

Adherence to antiretroviral therapy and virologic suppression among HIV-infected persons receiving care in private clinics in Mumbai, India

Post Date: 
2007-05-01
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Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Background: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and correlates of adherence and virologic suppression among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons receiving ART in private, outpatient clinics in India is unknown. Methods: Between December...

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of antiretroviral therapy among adults attending private and public clinics in India

Post Date: 
2007-02-15
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Publication: 
AIDS Patient Care and STDs
India has approximately 5.2 million persons infected with HIV. Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) is being widely introduced in public clinics, many HIV-infected persons still seek care via the private sector. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2004 at six public and private sites...

The traveling farm wife

Post Date: 
2007-01-15
Publication: 
American Journal of Medicine
In late summer, a 77-year-old woman was hospitalized after 9 days of chills, low-grade fever, fatigue, and generalized weakness. She did not have abdominal pain, coughing, diarrhea, dyspnea, jaundice, nausea, rashes, sore throat, vomiting, or weight loss. Her medical history was significant...

Same-sex behavior and high rates of HIV among men attending sexually transmitted infection clinics in Pune, India (1993-2002)

Post Date: 
2006-12-01
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Publication: 
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
Objectives: To determine HIV/sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevalence, trends, and risk behaviors of men who have sex with men (MSM) and compare these with those of non-MSM attending STI clinics in Pune, India over a 10-year period. Methods: From 1993...

High rates of syphilis among STI patients are contributing to the spread of HIV-1 in India

Post Date: 
2006-04-15
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Publication: 
Sexually Transmitted Infections
Background: Recent syphilis outbreaks have raised concern regarding the potential enhancement of HIV transmission. The incidence of syphilis and its association with HIV‐1 infection rates among a cohort of sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinic attendees was investigated. Methods: 2732 HIV‐1...

Low HIV-1 incidence among married serodiscordant couples in Pune, India

Post Date: 
2006-03-15
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Publication: 
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
Unlike commercial sex workers and patients attending sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinics, married couples are not typically targeted for HIV risk reduction programs in India. Thus, married partners of HIV-infected persons are at particularly high risk for HIV infection. Between...

Screening for HIV dementia in an HIV, clade C-infected population in India

Post Date: 
2006-02-12
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Publication: 
Journal of Neurovirology
Although human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) clade C virus infects the largest populations worldwide, to date there are no prospective studies reported thus far to determine the incidence or prevalence of HIV dementia in this population. HIV clade C virus is a CCR5-tropic virus and thus...

Rate of hospitalization and inpatient care costs for HIV-1 infected in Pune, India

Post Date: 
2006-02-01
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Publication: 
National Medical Journal of India
Background: The transition of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has begun in India, and an increase in AIDS-related hospitalizations and deaths is an anticipated challenge. We estimated the rates of hospitalization and inpatient care...

High HIV prevalence among a high-risk subgroup of women attending sexually transmitted infection clinics in Pune, India

Post Date: 
2006-01-01
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Publication: 
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
Objectives: To investigate changes over a decade in prevalence and correlates of HIV among high-risk women attending sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinics in Pune, India, who deny a history of commercial sex work (CSW). Methods: From 1993 to 2002,...

Correlates and trend of HIV prevalence among female sex workers attending sexually transmitted disease clinics in Pune, India (1993-2002)

Post Date: 
2006-01-01
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Publication: 
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
In India, substantial efforts have been made to increase awareness about HIV/AIDS among female sex workers (FSWs). We assessed the impact of awareness regarding safe sex in a cohort of FSWs by studying trends in HIV prevalence, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and risk behaviors measured...

Stop AIDS-keep the promise

Post Date: 
2005-12-15
Publication: 
Indian Journal of Medical Research
Summary not available online

Feasibility of voluntary counseling and testing services for HIV among pregnant women presenting in labor in Pune, India

Post Date: 
2005-08-01
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Publication: 
international Journal of STD &amp; AIDS
Factors affecting the eligibility and acceptability of voluntary counselling and rapid HIV testing (VCT) were examined among pregnant womenpresenting in labour in Pune, India. Of the 6702 total women appearing at the delivery room from April 2001 to March 2002, 4638 (69%) were admitted for...

High-risk behaviour in young men attending sexually transmitted disease clinics in Pune, India.

Post Date: 
2005-04-15
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AIDS Care
The present study reports sexual risk factors associated with HIV infection among men attending two sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinicsin Pune, India and compares these behaviours between young and older men. Between April 1998 and May 2000, 1872 STD patients were screened for HIV...

Making the choice: the translation of global HIV and infant feeding policy to local practice among mothers in Pune, India

Post Date: 
2005-04-15
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Publication: 
The Journal of Nutrition
In 2003, India had over 5.1 million infected individuals living with HIV/AIDS. The percentage of all HIV cases attributed to perinatal transmission has been increasing steadily from 0.33% of total cases in 1999 to 2.80% in 2004. Recent statistics indicate that over 130,000 infants have been...

IJMR Special Issue on HIV/AIDS: Editorial overview

Post Date: 
2005-04-15
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Publication: 
Indian Journal of Medical Research
No summary available online

Sex-based differences in T lymphocyte responses in HIV-1-seropositive individuals

Post Date: 
2005-03-15
Publication: 
Journal of Infectious Diseases
Sex-based differences in the levels of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) RNA in plasma could be associated with differences in the strength of HIV-1-specific CD8(+) T cell responses. CD8(+) effector responses in 18 men and 15 women were measured 0-2 years (time A) and 5-7 years (time B)...

Correlates of HIV vaccine trial participation: an Indian perspective

Post Date: 
2005-02-03
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Vaccine
Successful conduct of HIV vaccine trials in a population of great cultural diversity like India could be a challenge. Concerns, knowledge gaps and willingness to participate in future HIV vaccine trials were studied among 349 patients attending three sexually transmitted infections clinics...

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Confronting Gender-based Violence Symposium

Post Date: 
2011-12-01
In December 2011, CCGHE and the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing hosted an event to launch a distance education course for clinicians focused on the prevention and management of gender-based violence. A live video link was established between Johns Hopkins Univeristy, Addis Ababa University in...

Meet finds China growth sustainable, India’s possible

Post Date: 
2006-06-25
Source: 
The India Express
Amita Gupta's paper with Robert Bollinger was on combating HIV/AIDS in India. At the outset she observes that although sound indicators of health such as life expectancy and birth, infant and child mortality have improved considerably since Independence, still a high proportion of the Indian...

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