Publications

Timing of maternal isoniazid preventive therapy on tuberculosis infection among infants exposed to HIV in low-income and middle-income settings: a secondary analysis of the TB APPRISE trial

Post Date: 
2023-09-13
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Lancet Child Adolescent Health
Deferral of maternal isoniazid preventive therapy to early postpartum had no effect on infant tuberculosis acquisition in our trial population, regardless of the diagnostic test used.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis disease associates with higher HIV-1-specific antibody responses

Post Date: 
2023-05-19
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Science Direct
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the most common infection among people with HIV (PWH). Mtb disease-associated inflammation could affect HIV-directed immune responses in PWH. We show that HIV antibodies are broader and more potent in PWH in the presence as compared to the absence of Mtb disease...

Challenges with the use of Xpert HPV as a screening tool for oral HPV among people living with HIV (PLHIV): experiences from Pune, India

Post Date: 
2023-05-04
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
BMC Infectious Diseases
Background: People living with HIV (PLHIV) are at higher risk for human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal cancers compared to the general population. Xpert HPV test is a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay capable of rapid HPV detection. Performing the assay requires minimal intervention...

Operational challenges undermine the WHO TB symptom screen in pregnant women in India

Post Date: 
2023-04-26
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
Open Forum Infectious Diseases
Background. Pregnancy increases both a woman's risk of developing tuberculosis (TB) and her likelihood to seek health care. A symptom screen that is effective during pregnancy would therefore be valuable. We assessed a World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended TB symptom screen in an antenatal...

Inflammatory profile associated with insulin resistance in non-overweight versus overweight people living with HIV (PLWH)

Post Date: 
2023-04-21
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome
Background People living with HIV have greater diabetes (T2DM) than the general population despite lower prevalence of overweight/obesity. Both insulin resistance (IR), a T2DM precursor, and HIV are independently associated with chronic inflammation. Inflammation may be a pathophysiological link...

Impact of undernutrition on tuberculosis treatment outcomes in India: A multicenter prospective cohort analysis by Dr. Pranay Sinha

Post Date: 
2023-04-17
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
NIRT
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Abstract Background Undernutrition is the leading risk factor for tuberculosis (TB) globally. Its impact on treatment outcomes is poorly defined. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort analysis of adults with drug-sensitive pulmonary TB at 5 sites from 2015–2019. Using multivariable Poisson...

Integration of a geospatially targeted community-based testing approach with respondent-driven sampling to identify people who inject drugs living with HIV and HCV in Patti and Gorakhpur, India

Post Date: 
2023-04-14
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Drug Alcohol Dependency
Background: Respondent-driven sampling (RDS), a network recruitment approach, is effective at reaching people who inject drugs (PWID), but other strategies may be needed to reach PWID at risk or living with HIV and/or Hepatitis C (HCV). We examined the impact of integrating geospatially targeted...

Sex Differences in TB Clinical Presentation, Drug Exposure, and Treatment Outcomes in India

Post Date: 
2023-04-01
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
CHEST
Background: The role of sex differences in clinical presentation, TB drug pharmacokinetic variables, and treatment outcomes is unclear. Research question: What is the effect of sex on TB disease severity, drug exposure, and treatment outcome? Study design and methods: This study was a prospective...

Factors associated with prevalent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and disease among adolescents and adults exposed to rifampin-resistant tuberculosis in the household

Post Date: 
2023-03-17
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
PLOS ONE
Background: Understanding factors associated with prevalent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and prevalent TB disease in household contacts of patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) may be useful for TB program staff conducting contact investigations. Methods: Using data from a cross-...

Pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators of inflammation in HIV: effect of aspirin intervention

Post Date: 
2023-03-01
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
eBioMedicine
Background: Persons with HIV (PWH) have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to HIV-seronegative individuals (SN). Inflammation contributes to this risk but the role of lipid mediators, with central roles in inflammation, in HIV infection remain to be established; further...

Characterising cause of death among people treated for drug-susceptible TB in India

Post Date: 
2023-01-12
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
Annually, 1.5 million people die of TB.1 India has thehighest burden of TB,1 and in 2020, the case fatality ratio (CFR) among people with drug-susceptible TB was 4.3%.2 Even after treatment, mortality is more than two-fold higher among people with prior TB compared to the general population.3...

Predictive performance of interferon-gamma release assays and the tuberculin skin test for incident tuberculosis: an individual participant data meta-analysis

Post Date: 
2023-01-05
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
EClinicalMedicine
Background: Evidence on the comparative performance of purified protein derivative tuberculin skin tests (TST) and interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA) for predicting incident active tuberculosis (TB) remains conflicting. We conducted an individual participant data meta-analysis to directly...

Pharmacokinetic analysis of linezolid for multidrug resistant tuberculosis at a tertiary care centre in Mumbai, India

Post Date: 
2023-01-04
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Frontiers in Pharmacology
Linezolid is an oxazolidinone used to treat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), including in the recently-endorsed shorter 6-month treatment regimens. Due to its narrow therapeutic index, linezolid is often either dose-adjusted or discontinued due to intolerance or toxicity during treatment...

Self-Reported Antiretroviral Adherence: Association with Maternal Viral Load Suppression in Postpartum Women Living with HIV-1 from Promoting Maternal and Infant Survival Everywhere (PROMISE), a Randomized Controlled Trial in Sub-Saharan Africa and India

Post Date: 
2023-01-01
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
Introduction: Optimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is crucial to promoting maternal–infant health. Setting: Fourteen sites in 7 countries within sub-Saharan Africa and India. Methods: The multicomponent, open-label strategy PROMISE trial enrolled breastfeeding mother–infant pairs not...

The Kynurenine / Tryptophan Ratio is a Sensitive Biomarker for the Diagnosis of Pediatric Tuberculosis among Indian Children

Post Date: 
2022-12-22
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Frontiers in Immunology
Objectives: Pediatric tuberculosis (TB) remains difficult to diagnose. The plasma kynurenine to tryptophan ratio (K/T ratio) is a potential biomarker for TB diagnosis and treatment response but has not been assessed in children. Methods: We performed a targeted diagnostic accuracy analysis of four...

Virological Failure among People living with HIV Receiving Second-Line Antiretroviral Therapy in Pune, India

Post Date: 
2022-12-17
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
BMC Infectious Diseases
Background The number of people receiving second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) has increased as global access to ART has expanded. Data on the burden and factors associated with second-line ART virologic failure (VF) from India remain limited. Methods We conducted cross-sectional viral load (VL...

Metabolites enhance innate resistance to human Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection

Post Date: 
2022-11-22
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
JCI Insight
To determine the mechanisms that mediate resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) infection in household contacts (HHCs) of patients with tuberculosis (TB), we followed 452 latent TB infection-negative (LTBI-) HHCs for 2 years. Those who remained LTBI- throughout the study were...

Developing TB Vaccines for People with HIV: A Roadmap: Meeting Consensus Report

Post Date: 
2022-11-09
Publication: 
Lancet HIV
New tuberculosis vaccine candidates that are in the development pipeline need to be studied in people with HIV, who are at high risk of acquiring Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and tuberculosis disease and tend to develop less robust vaccine-induced immune responses. To address the gaps in...

Impact of pregnancy and HIV on LTBI diagnostics and MTB-induced immune response: a cohort study in Pune, India

Post Date: 
2022-11-01
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
International Journal of Infectious Diseases
Background Accurate tuberculosis infection (TBI) tests are critical for pregnant women, especially those with HIV, who have a high risk of TB disease. Methods We enrolled interferon gamma release assay (IGRA)+ pregnant women with and without HIV in a longitudinal study, followed up at delivery and...

Randomized Clinical Trial of High Dose Rifampicin with or without Levofloxacin versus Standard of Care for Paediatric Tuberculous Meningitis: The TBM-KIDS Trial

Post Date: 
2022-10-29
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Background Pediatric tuberculous meningitis (TBM) commonly causes death or disability. In adults, high-dose rifampicin may reduce mortality. The role of fluoroquinolones remains unclear. There have been no antimicrobial treatment trials for pediatric TBM. Methods TBM-KIDS was a phase 2 open-label...

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