Publications - HIV

Mycobacterium tuberculosis disease associates with higher HIV-1-specific antibody responses

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2023-05-19

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Science Direct

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the most common infection among people with HIV (PWH). Mtb disease-associated inflammation could affect HIV-directed immune responses in PWH. We show that HIV antibodies are broader and more potent in PWH in the presence as compared to the absence of Mtb disease...

Challenges with the use of Xpert HPV as a screening tool for oral HPV among people living with HIV (PLHIV): experiences from Pune, India

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2023-05-04

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BMC Infectious Diseases

Background: People living with HIV (PLHIV) are at higher risk for human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal cancers compared to the general population. Xpert HPV test is a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay capable of rapid HPV detection. Performing the assay requires minimal intervention...

Operational challenges undermine the WHO TB symptom screen in pregnant women in India

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2023-04-26

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Open Forum Infectious Diseases

Background. Pregnancy increases both a woman's risk of developing tuberculosis (TB) and her likelihood to seek health care. A symptom screen that is effective during pregnancy would therefore be valuable. We assessed a World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended TB symptom screen in an antenatal...

Inflammatory profile associated with insulin resistance in non-overweight versus overweight people living with HIV (PLWH)

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2023-04-21

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Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome

Background People living with HIV have greater diabetes (T2DM) than the general population despite lower prevalence of overweight/obesity. Both insulin resistance (IR), a T2DM precursor, and HIV are independently associated with chronic inflammation. Inflammation may be a pathophysiological link...

Integration of a geospatially targeted community-based testing approach with respondent-driven sampling to identify people who inject drugs living with HIV and HCV in Patti and Gorakhpur, India

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2023-04-14

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Drug Alcohol Dependency

Background: Respondent-driven sampling (RDS), a network recruitment approach, is effective at reaching people who inject drugs (PWID), but other strategies may be needed to reach PWID at risk or living with HIV and/or Hepatitis C (HCV). We examined the impact of integrating geospatially targeted...

Pro-inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators of inflammation in HIV: effect of aspirin intervention

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2023-03-01

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eBioMedicine

Background: Persons with HIV (PWH) have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to HIV-seronegative individuals (SN). Inflammation contributes to this risk but the role of lipid mediators, with central roles in inflammation, in HIV infection remain to be established; further...

Self-Reported Antiretroviral Adherence: Association with Maternal Viral Load Suppression in Postpartum Women Living with HIV-1 from Promoting Maternal and Infant Survival Everywhere (PROMISE), a Randomized Controlled Trial in Sub-Saharan Africa and India

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2023-01-01

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Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

Introduction: Optimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is crucial to promoting maternal–infant health. Setting: Fourteen sites in 7 countries within sub-Saharan Africa and India. Methods: The multicomponent, open-label strategy PROMISE trial enrolled breastfeeding mother–infant pairs not...

Virological Failure among People living with HIV Receiving Second-Line Antiretroviral Therapy in Pune, India

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2022-12-17

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BMC Infectious Diseases

Background The number of people receiving second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) has increased as global access to ART has expanded. Data on the burden and factors associated with second-line ART virologic failure (VF) from India remain limited. Methods We conducted cross-sectional viral load (VL...

Developing TB Vaccines for People with HIV: A Roadmap: Meeting Consensus Report

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2022-11-09

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Lancet HIV

New tuberculosis vaccine candidates that are in the development pipeline need to be studied in people with HIV, who are at high risk of acquiring Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and tuberculosis disease and tend to develop less robust vaccine-induced immune responses. To address the gaps in...

Impact of pregnancy and HIV on LTBI diagnostics and MTB-induced immune response: a cohort study in Pune, India

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2022-11-01

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International Journal of Infectious Diseases

Background Accurate tuberculosis infection (TBI) tests are critical for pregnant women, especially those with HIV, who have a high risk of TB disease. Methods We enrolled interferon gamma release assay (IGRA)+ pregnant women with and without HIV in a longitudinal study, followed up at delivery and...

Drug use stigma, antiretroviral therapy use, and HIV viral suppression in a community-based sample of people with HIV who inject drugs

Post Date:

2022-10-06

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AIDS

Drug use stigma may be a barrier to HIV viral suppression among people with HIV who inject drugs, thereby hindering efforts to achieve HIV control.

Clinical and Immunological Markers of Pulmonary Impairment Among People With HIV in India

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2022-10-06

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Open Form Infectious Diseases

Dr. Akshay Gupte and team found females were 7 times more likely to have restrictive spirometry pattern and 22 times more likely to have preserved ratio impaired spirometry, compared with men.

Changes in HIV care continuum indicators among community-based samples of HIV-infected people who inject drugs and men who have sex with men across 21 cities in India

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2022-10-06

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AIDS Care

The findings by Drs. Shruti Mehta, Gregory Lucas and colleagues show population-specific interventions and routine surveillance are need to facilitate HIV elimination.

Geographical Differences in the Self-Reported Functional Impairment of People with HIV and Associations with Cardiometabolic Risk

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2022-09-30

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Clinical Infectious Disease

Background We sought to explore multinational differences in functional status by global burden of disease (GBD) regions in the REPRIEVE cohort. Methods REPRIEVE is a prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter, phase III primary cardiovascular prevention study of...

Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling and Simulation of Rifapentine Allow Concomitant Antiretroviral Therapy with Efavirenz and Non-Weight Based Dosing

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2022-09-20

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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

ABSTRACT The Brief Rifapentine–Isoniazid Efficacy for TB Prevention/A5279 trial demonstrated a 1-month daily regimen of rifapentine and isoniazid was noninferior to 9 months of isoniazid alone for preventing TB in persons living with HIV (PLWH). Our objective was to evaluate rifapentine...

The association of gestational diabetes with HIV infection and tuberculosis in Indian women

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2022-08-01

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The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

Infection of HIV is associated with an increased diabetes risk, which also increases tuberculosis risk. It is unknown if similar associations exist with gestational diabetes (GDM). We screened pregnant women living with and without HIV for GDM using oral glucose tolerance testing. In a subgroup of...

Pregnancy in Women with HIV in a Tuberculosis Preventive Therapy Trial

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2022-08-01

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JAIDS

Background: Tuberculosis preventive therapy (TPT) is recommended for people with HIV infection, including during pregnancy. The effect of TPT exposure at conception and during pregnancy is poorly documented. Methods: We report pregnancy outcomes among South African women...

Development of shortened HIV-related stigma scales for young people living with HIV and young people affected by HIV in India

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2022-07-31

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BMC Health and Quality of Life Outcomes

Background: HIV-related stigma is associated with poor quality of life and poor healthcare-seeking behaviours in young people living with HIV (YPLHIV) and young people affected by HIV (YPAHIV). India has an estimated 120,000 YPLHIV and 4 million YPAHIV, but efforts to measure HIV-related stigma in...

Smokeless tobacco use and oral potentially malignant disorders among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Pune, India: Implications for oral cancer screening in PLHIV

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2022-07-13

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PLOS ONE

Introduction In India, smokeless tobacco (SLT) is a predominant form of tobacco used among people living with HIV (PLHIV). Despite SLT being a risk factor for oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), no prior studies have quantified the association of OPMDs with SLT use among PLHIV. This...

Isoniazid adherence improves survival and incident tuberculosis at 96 weeks among adults initiating antiretroviral therapy with advanced HIV in multiple high burden settings

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2022-07-03

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Open Forum Infectious Diseases

Background People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and advanced immunosuppression initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) remain vulnerable to tuberculosis (TB) and early mortality. To improve early survival, isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) or empiric TB treatment have been evaluated;...

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