Jyoti Mathad, MD, MSc

Role:

Faculty

Assistant Professor, Weill Cornell Medical College

Dr. Mathad is an Assistant Professor of Medicine and Obstetrics & Gynecology in the the Center for Global Health at Weill Cornell Medical College. She is also a faculty member at the Johns Hopkins Center for Clinical Global Health Education.

Her primary research interests include the immune and metabolic changes of pregnancy and their impact on the pathogenesis of infectious diseases such as tuberculosis (TB). She has been conducting NIH-funded research in Pune, India, since 2010 when she studied the performance of immune-based latent TB diagnostics in pregnant women with and without HIV. She then led the PRACHITi study (NICHD R01HD081929) there, which investigated the impact of stage of pregnancy and HIV on the immune response to M. tuberculosis. She received an NIH K23 to compare the host immune response to M. tuberculosis in pregnant and non-pregnant women in India. She also received an NIH R21 to examine how maternal HIV, even when controlled, impacts the placenta and programming of the fetal immune system. Most recently she has received funding to investigate the association of HIV with gestational diabetes, and gestational diabetes with the immune response to M. tuberculosis (NIAID R01AI162235). An active member of the International Maternal, Pediatric, and Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials network (IMPAACT), Dr. Mathad chaired the only study of the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of the 3-month isoniazid/rifapentine regimen for latent TB treatment in pregnant and postpartum women (IMPAACT 2001). She will now be leading the DOLPHIN-Moms study, which will study the safety of 3HP versus 1-month of daily isoniazid and rifapentine (1HP) for TB prevention in pregnant women living with HIV.

In addition to her innovative research, Dr. Mathad also devotes considerable time to mentoring students, residents, and fellows interested in global health, both in New York and India. She has a particular interest in developing the careers of female trainees and co-leads the Women in Global Health Research Initiative at Weill Cornell.

Studies/Projects
Publications
Scholars
News

Prevalence of gestational diabetes (GDM) and postpartum diabetes (DM) and their risk factors at Sassoon General Hospital and Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College in Pune, India

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2021-12-19

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Primary objective: To determine the prevalence of GDM in a population of women in our hospital To identify the risk factors for GDM and determine the prevalence of GDM risk factors in a population of women screened for GDM and their association with GDM To determine the incidence and time course of...

Pregnancy Associated Immune Responses to Tuberculosis and HIV in India and South Africa (PARTHISA)

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2020-01-14

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Dr. Jyoti Mathad is Co-PI of this study. Purpose: Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of maternal mortality, especially among HIV-infected women. Women are most likely to develop active TB during and immediately after pregnancy. The immunologic conditions responsible for this phenomenon are not...

Immune Correlates of LTBI in HIV-exposed Infants

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2019-04-29

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About 2 billion people worldwide harbor asymptomatic latent TB infection (LTBI), activation of which results in progression to TB disease. In areas of high tuberculosis (TB) prevalence, infants and young children have a 3-fold higher risk of progression and death from TB at age < 5 years...

Vaginal Microbiota in HIV Infected and Uninfected Pregnant Women (Stand Alone)

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2018-10-16

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Amita Gupta, MD, MHS, and Shilpa Naik, MD, are PIs for this study; Rupak Shivakoti, PhD, MSPH, is Co-Investigator The makeup of vaginal microbiota is dynamic and may play a role in the birth outcomes of pregnant women. While HIV and pregnancy both uniquely impact vaginal microbiota, the impact of...

Gut Microbiota of HIV Infected Pregnant Women

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2018-06-14

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Birth Outcomes in HIV Both antiretroviral-therapy (ART)-naïve and ART-experienced HIV-infected pregnant women have higher incidences of pre-term birth (PTB) compared to HIV-uninfected women. For example, the global prevalence of PTB is around 8%, while the rates in in HIV-infected...

Zika Surveillance among Antenatal Clinic Outpatients in BJ Government Medical College and Sassoon General Hospitals, Pune, India

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2017-08-31

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This study was terminated July 21, 2020. Zika virus is a vector-borne disease carried by the mosquito Aedes aegypti . Pregnant women infected with Zika may pass the virus to the fetus, which may cause microcephaly and other severe brain defects. It is also linked to...

Investigating Maternal Antibodies to Modify Infant Tuberculosis Acquisition

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2017-08-29

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New study in Pune, India, aims to identify the profile of TB antibodies between mothers and infants, and to see if the presence of antibodies lowers risk of infant infection.

Predictive Value of TB-symptom Screen in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected Pregnant Women in Pune, India

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2014-10-28

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This study was terminated July 17, 2017. This is a cross sectional observational study will be conducted at BJGMC to establish what the predictive value of the WHO TB symptom screen is in pregnant women in India. We hypothesize that the WHO TB symptom...

Inflammation in HIV-infected Pregnant Women: Relationship with Diet, Gut Microbiome and Preterm Birth

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2014-10-28

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This study was terminated May 7, 2018. P regnancy is a state of relative immunosuppression in order to protect the fetus from being rejected. It has also been shown that the Th-1 helper cell response, which is normally necessary for overcoming TB infection...

Diagnosis of Tuberculosis Infection and Th1 Immune Response in Pregnant Women in India

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2014-09-01

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This study was terminated April 16, 2018. Tuberculosis (TB) disease is a major cause of mortality among Indian women of reproductive age; approximately 20-50% of women in India are latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Due to immune...

Impact of Immune Changes of HIV and Stages of Pregnancy on Tuberculosis

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2014-09-01

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This is the Parent Study for CCGHE’s PRACHITI (PRegnancy And CHanges In TuberculosIs) effort. It's supported by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development at the U.S. National Institutes of Health. Purpose: TB is a...

P1078: A Phase IV Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Safety of Immediate (Antepartum-Initiated) Versus Deferred (Postpartum-Initiated) Isoniazid Preventive Therapy Among HIV-Infected Women in High TB Incidence Settings

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2014-04-01

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This is a clinical trial conducted under the International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials (IMPAACT) Network and funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health. Dr. Amita Gupta is Protocol Chair for this multinational clinical trial being conducted in...

Epidemiological Assessment of Pediatric Tuberculosis in Pune, India, through Contact Tracing

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2013-06-10

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This study ended in June 2016. Approximately 1 million new cases of Tuberculosis occur among children each year around the world, with a large number of these cases occurring among indigent populations without access to adequate healthcare facilities (World Health Organization). Due to their high...

Impact of Malnutrition on HIV Treatment Failure in Resource-limited Settings

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2009-04-02

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This study, NWCS 319, was terminated August 20, 2019. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has reduced morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected persons worldwide. However, early treatment failure (i.e. WHO stage 3 or 4 illnesses or death...

BWI CTU: Baltimore-Washington-India Clinical Trials Unit

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2007-02-02

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Comprising clinical trial sites at Johns Hopkins Medicine in Baltimore, Whitman Walker Health in Washington, DC, and the BJGMC-CCGHE collaboration in Pune, India, the Baltimore-Washington-India Clinical Trials Unit (BWI-CTU) is one of only 25 international HIV/TB clinical trial sites funded by the...

Operational challenges undermine the WHO TB symptom screen in pregnant women in India

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2023-04-26

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Open Forum Infectious Diseases

Background. Pregnancy increases both a woman's risk of developing tuberculosis (TB) and her likelihood to seek health care. A symptom screen that is effective during pregnancy would therefore be valuable. We assessed a World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended TB symptom screen in an antenatal...

Inflammatory profile associated with insulin resistance in non-overweight versus overweight people living with HIV (PLWH)

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2023-04-21

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Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome

Background People living with HIV have greater diabetes (T2DM) than the general population despite lower prevalence of overweight/obesity. Both insulin resistance (IR), a T2DM precursor, and HIV are independently associated with chronic inflammation. Inflammation may be a pathophysiological link...

Impact of pregnancy and HIV on LTBI diagnostics and MTB-induced immune response: a cohort study in Pune, India

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2022-11-01

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International Journal of Infectious Diseases

Background Accurate tuberculosis infection (TBI) tests are critical for pregnant women, especially those with HIV, who have a high risk of TB disease. Methods We enrolled interferon gamma release assay (IGRA)+ pregnant women with and without HIV in a longitudinal study, followed up at delivery and...

The association of gestational diabetes with HIV infection and tuberculosis in Indian women

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2022-08-01

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The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

Infection of HIV is associated with an increased diabetes risk, which also increases tuberculosis risk. It is unknown if similar associations exist with gestational diabetes (GDM). We screened pregnant women living with and without HIV for GDM using oral glucose tolerance testing. In a subgroup of...

Inflammatory profile associated with insulin resistance in non-overweight versus overweight people living with HIV in Pune, Western India

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2022-07-01

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Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews

Background: People living with HIV have greater diabetes (T2DM) than the general population despite lower prevalence of overweight/obesity. Both insulin resistance (IR), a T2DM precursor, and HIV are independently associated with chronic inflammation. Inflammation may be a pathophysiological link...

Prevalence of neurotoxicity symptoms among postpartum women on Isoniazid Preventive Therapy and Efavirenz-based treatment for HIV—An exploratory objective of the IMPAACT P1078 randomized trial

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2022-06-21

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BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

Background This exploratory analysis investigates the prevalence and risk factors of neurocognitive toxicity in postpartum women on HIV treatment in response to a concern of an Isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT)/Efavirenz interaction. Trial Design Pregnant women on HIV treatment from countries with...

Assessing tuberculosis risk in pregnant women from the PRACHITi study using transcriptomics

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2022-06-10

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Clinical Infectious Diseases

A new tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic cartridge assay, which detects a 3-gene TB signature in whole blood, was not diagnostic in women with maternal TB disease in India (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.72). In a cohort of pregnant women, we identified a novel gene set for TB diagnosis (AUC = 0.97) and...

Pharmacokinetics and Safety of 3 Months of Weekly Rifapentine and Isoniazid for Tuberculosis Prevention in Pregnant Women

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2022-06-01

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Clinical Infectious Diseases

Background Pregnancy increases the risk of tuberculosis and its complications. A 3-month regimen of weekly isoniazid and rifapentine (3HP) is safe and effective for tuberculosis prevention in adults and children, including those with HIV, but 3HP has not been evaluated in pregnancy. Methods IMPAACT...

Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Three Months of Weekly Rifapentine and Isoniazid for Tuberculosis Prevention in Pregnant Women

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2022-03-05

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Clinical Infectious Diseases

Background Pregnancy increases the risk of tuberculosis and its complications. A 3-month regimen of weekly isoniazid and rifapentine (3HP) is safe and effective for tuberculosis prevention in adults and children, including those with HIV, but 3HP has not been evaluated in pregnancy. Methods IMPAACT...

TB-related Knowledge and Stigma Among Pregnant Women in Low Resource Settings of Pune, India

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2022-02-01

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The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease,

TB is an important cause of maternal morbidity.1 Studies among adults with TB in several countries have consistently demonstrated that a lack of TB-related knowledge and increased stigma can be a barrier to early diagnosis, seeking treatment and treatment adherence.2–6 India has the highest number...

Impact of HIV status on systemic inflammation during pregnancy

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2021-11-15

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AIDS London

Objective: There are limited studies on the association of HIV infection with systemic inflammation during pregnancy. Design: A cohort study (N = 220) of pregnant women with HIV (N = 70) (all on antiretroviral therapy) and without HIV (N = 150) were enrolled from an...

Validation of New Interactive Nutrition Assistant - Diet in India Study of Health (NINA-DISH) FFQ with multiple 24-h dietary recalls among pregnant women in Pune, India

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2021-11-02

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The British Journal of Nutrition

Adequate dietary intake is critical to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes. India has a high burden of maternal and child morbidity and mortality, but there is a lack of adequate tools to assess dietary intake. We validate an FFQ, New Interactive Nutrition Assistant - Diet in India Study of Health (NINA-DISH), among pregnant women living with and without HIV in Pune, India.

Immunologic effects of pregnancy on M. tuberculosis: methodology of an observational cohoStages of pregnancy and HIV affect diagnosis of tuberculosis infection and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)-induced immune response: Findings from PRACHITi, a cohort

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2021-09-21

Publication:

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

Background Accurate tuberculosis infection (TBI) tests are critical for pregnant women, especially those with HIV, who have a high risk of TB disease. Methods We enrolled interferon gamma release assay (IGRA)+ pregnant women with and without HIV in a longitudinal study, followed up at delivery and...

Systemic Inflammation in Pregnant Women With Latent Tuberculosis Infection

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2021-01-27

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Frontiers in Immunology

Background: Recent studies in adults have characterized differences in systemic inflammation between adults with and without latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI+ vs. LTBI-). Potential differences in systemic inflammation by LTBI status has not been assess in pregnant women. Methods: We conducted a...

Association of Maternal Inflammation During Pregnancy: Relationship with Birth Outcomes & Infant Growth Among Women with and without HIV in India

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2021-01-12

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JAMA Network Open

Abstract Importance The association of elevated levels of specific inflammatory markers during pregnancy with adverse birth outcomes and infant growth could indicate pathways for potential interventions. Objective To evaluate whether higher levels of certain inflammatory markers during pregnancy...

Stages of pregnancy and HIV affect diagnosis of tuberculosis infection and Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (MTB)-induced immune response: Findings from PRACHITi, a cohort study in Pune, India

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2021-01-11

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IJID

Background Accurate tuberculosis infection (TBI) tests are critical for pregnant women, especially those with HIV, who have a high risk of TB disease. Methods We enrolled interferon gamma release assay (IGRA)+ pregnant women with and without HIV in a longitudinal study, followed up at delivery and...

Validation of NINA-DISH food frequency questionnaire with multiple 24-hour dietary recalls among pregnant women in Pune, India

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2021-01-06

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The British Journal of Nutrition

Adequate dietary intake is critical to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes. India has a high burden of maternal and child morbidity and mortality, but there is a lack of adequate tools to assess dietary intake. We validate a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), New-Interactive Nutrition Assistant-...

Association of Vegetable and Animal Flesh Intake with Inflammation in Pregnant Women from India

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2020-12-08

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MDPI

In pregnant women, studies are lacking on the relationship of vegetable and animal flesh (poultry, red meat and seafood) intake with inflammation...

Effects of Pregnancy and Isoniazid Preventive Therapy on M. tuberculosis Interferon Gamma Response Assays in Women with HIV

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2020-07-28

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Clinical Infectious Diseases

944 women with HIV participating in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study comparing 28 weeks of IPT antepartum versus postpartum, were tested by QuantiFERON-gold-in-tube (QGIT) antepartum and by QGIT and tuberculin skin test (TST) at delivery and postpartum.

Trends and gender differences in access to HIV care with scale up of national HIV treatment guidelines in India

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2020-06-24

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Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care

Test and treat is the current global standard, yet sex differences persist in access to HIV care. We assessed the differences in presentation and antiretroviral therapy (ART) uptake by sex and ART-eligibility period among ART-naive adults registered at a public ART center in India. Four ART...

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Puja Chebrolu

Global Health Research Fellow

Dr. Chebrolu is an Internal Medicine physician and a Cornell Global Health Research Fellow. She is working with Dr Jyoti Mathad and Dr Mallika Alexander at BJGMC primarily to study gestational diabetes within the PRACHITI cohort. She will be working with BJMC over the next 3 years and plans to study diabetes in other study populations as well.

BJ Government Medical College launches new study to assess TB, HIV, diabetes among pregnant women

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2023-03-23

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The Indian Express

The launch of the study coincides with the World TB week. “Titled `PraGaTHi’, this study will explore how the changes in immunity due to pregnancy and GDM increase the risk of TB in pregnant and postpartum women.”

Rifapentine demonstrates efficacy for pregnant women, including those with HIV

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2020-03-14

Source:

Infectious Disease News via Healio

Dr. Jyoti Mathad

Infectious Disease News via Healio: Jyoti Mathad discusses findings from the IMPAACT 2001 clinical trial.

We Are Weill Cornell Medicine: Dr. Jyoti Mathad

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2018-05-18

Video by Weill Cornell Medicine features Jyoti Mathad and her work with the Indo-JHU Clinical Research Partnership.

How can we encourage female leaders in global health?

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2017-08-09

Source:

Global Health Matters

Fogarty Director Dr. Roger Glass asks why so few women are leading global health centers at med schools or filling other leadership roles.

Amita Gupta and colleagues discuss female leadership in academic global health

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2017-05-04

Drs. Gupta, Manabe, Mathad discuss need for more women in global health leadership at CUGH's annual meeting.

Tuberculosis test may underreport in pregnant women with HIV

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2016-01-28

Source:

Infectious Disease Advisor

Pregnancy may confound tuberculosis (TB) tests results in women with HIV, according to research published in the American Thoracic Society's American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine .

Tuberculosis scare in HIV positive pregnant women: most widely-used tuberculosis test fails to diagnose illness

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2016-01-28

Source:

International Business Times

The most commonly-used tuberculosis (TB) test, TST, has failed to detect TB in HIV positive pregnant women. A research published online in the American Thoracic Society's American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine has revealed that the TB test failed to accurately diagnose the...

Awards and honors across Weill Cornell – Week of March 25-April 3

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2015-04-03

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Weill Cornell Newsroom

Dr. Jyoti Mathad, an instructor in medicine, was named an Ujala Foundation Scholar by the Center for Clinical Global Health Education at Johns Hopkins Medicine. Dr. Mathad is one of eight scholars who will work to improve healthcare in India, with a particular focus on fighting tuberculosis...