Research News

November 22, 2022

To determine the mechanisms that mediate resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) infection in household contacts (HHCs) of patients with tuberculosis (TB), we followed 452 latent TB infection-negative (LTBI-) HHCs for 2 years.

Clinical Research

Leadership
Our Indo-JHU Clinical Research Partnership is located in Pune and is directed by Dr. Amita Gupta (Baltimore, MD), with onsite direction from Dr. Vidya Mave, Dr. Nishi Suryavanshi, and Dr. Nikhil Gupte (Pune). The Indo-JHU Partnership employs more than 200 people and in addition to our memberships in consortia with many esteemed Indian research institutions, we have formal agreements with:
 
 

Tuberculosis risk among medical trainees, Pune, India

Post Date: 
2016-03-22
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
Emerging Infectious Diseases
During 2012–2013, at a public hospital in Pune, India, 26 (3.9%) cases of tuberculosis were reported among 662 medical trainees, representing an estimated incidence of 3,279 cases/100,000 person-years. Three of these infections were isoniazid-resistant, 1 was multidrug-resistant, and 1...

Empirical tuberculosis therapy versus isoniazid in adult outpatients with advanced HIV initiating antiretroviral therapy (REMEMBER): a multicountry open-label randomised controlled trial

Post Date: 
2016-03-19
   |   
Countries: 
Brazil
Haiti
India
Kenya
Malawi
Peru
South Africa
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
The Lancet
Background: Mortality within the first 6 months after initiating antiretroviral therapy is common in resource-limited settings and is often due to tuberculosis in patients with advanced HIV disease. Isoniazid preventive therapy is recommended in HIV-positive adults, but subclinical...

Cohort for Tuberculosis Research by the Indo-US Medical Partnership (C-TRIUMPH): protocol for a multicentric prospective observational study

Post Date: 
2016-02-25
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
NIRT
Publication: 
BMJ Open
Introduction: Tuberculosis disease (TB) remains an important global health threat. An evidence-based response, tailored to local disease epidemiology in high-burden countries, is key to controlling the global TB epidemic. Reliable surrogate biomarkers that predict key active disease and...

Assessment of the quality of clinical documentation in India's JSY cash transfer program for facility births in Madhya Pradesh

Post Date: 
2016-02-15
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
Abstract Objective: To gain insight into the quality of care in facilities implementing the Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) cash transfer program in Madhya Pradesh, India, by reviewing the level of documentation in the clinical records of women who delivered. ...

Low Vitamin-D levels combined with PKP3-SIGIRR-TMEM16J host variants is strongly associated with tuberculosis and death in HIV-infected and -exposed infants

Post Date: 
2016-02-12
   |   
Countries: 
South Africa
Publication: 
PLOS One
Background: This study examined the associations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and specific host genetic variants that affect vitamin D levels or its effects on immune function, with the risk of TB or mortality in children. Methods: A case-cohort sample of 466 South African infants...

Prevalence and risk factors of micronutrient deficiencies pre- and post-antiretroviral therapy (ART) among a diverse multicountry cohort of HIV-infected adults

Post Date: 
2016-02-10
   |   
Countries: 
Brazil
Haiti
India
Malawi
Peru
South Africa
Thailand
United States
Zimbabwe
Publication: 
Clinical Nutrition
Background & Aims: HIV-infected adults have increased risk of several individual micronutrient deficiencies. However, the prevalence and risk factors of concurrent and multiple micronutrient deficiencies and whether micronutrient concentrations change after antiretroviral therapy (ART)...

Toward earlier inclusion of pregnant and postpartum women in TB drug trials: consensus statements from an International Expert Panel

Post Date: 
2016-01-04
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Tuberculosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in women of childbearing age (15–44 years). Despite increased tuberculosis risk during pregnancy, optimal clinical treatment remains unclear: safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic data for many tuberculosis drugs are lacking, and...

Cost effectiveness of isoniazid preventive therapy for HIV-infected pregnant women in India

Post Date: 
2016-01-01
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
Background: India has a high burden of active tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Pregnancy increases the risks of developing TB in HIV-infected women. Isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) reduces progression to TB, but may increase costs and hepatotoxicity. The...

Pediatric tuberculous meningitis: model-based approach to determining optimal doses of anti-tuberculosis drugs for children

Post Date: 
2015-10-22
   |   
Countries: 
India
Indonesia
South Africa
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
Pediatric tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a highly morbid, often fatal disease. Standard treatment includes isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. Current rifampin dosing achieves low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations, and CSF penetration of ethambutol is poor. In adult...

RePORT International: advancing tuberculosis biomarker research through global collaboration

Post Date: 
2015-10-15
   |   
Countries: 
India
Indonesia
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
NIRT
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Progress in tuberculosis clinical research is hampered by a lack of reliable biomarkers that predict progression from latent to active tuberculosis, and subsequent cure, relapse, or failure. Regional Prospective Observational Research for Tuberculosis (RePORT) International represents a...

Soluble CD14: An independent biomarker for risk of HIV mother-to-child transmission in setting of pre- and post-exposure antiretroviral prophylaxis

Post Date: 
2015-10-06
   |   
Countries: 
Brazil
Haiti
India
Malawi
Peru
South Africa
Thailand
United States
Zimbabwe
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
The Journal of Infectious Diseases
Elevated soluble CD14 (sCD14) concentrations, a marker of monocyte activation, predicts adverse outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults. To examine the association of sCD14 concentrations with the risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV, we nested a case-...

Economic and epidemiological impact of early antiretroviral therapy initiation in India

Post Date: 
2015-10-01
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Journal of the International AIDS Society
Introduction: Recent WHO guidance advocates for early antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation at higher CD4 counts to improve survival and reduce HIV transmission. We sought to quantify how the cost-effectiveness and epidemiological impact of early ART strategies in India are affected by...

Pre-cART elevation of CRP and CD4+ T-cell immune activation associated with HIV clinical progression in a multinational case-cohort study

Post Date: 
2015-10-01
   |   
Countries: 
Brazil
Haiti
India
Malawi
Peru
South Africa
Thailand
United States
Zimbabwe
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
NIRT
Publication: 
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
Background: Despite the success of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), a subset of HIV-infected patients who initiate cART develop early clinical progression to AIDS; therefore, some cART initiators are not fully benefitted by cART. Immune activation pre-cART may predict clinical...

Contraceptive use and factors associated with postpartum surgical sterilization among HIV-infected women in Pune, India

Post Date: 
2015-08-21
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
Journal of HIV/AIDS & Social Services
The authors desire to better understand contraceptive practices and factors associated with surgical tubal ligation (STL) among HIV-infected women. Secondary data were obtained from HIV-infected women enrolled in a National Institutes of Health–funded clinical trial assessing the efficacy of...

Failure to use and sustain male condom usage: lessons learned from a prospective study among men attending STI clinic in Pune, India

Post Date: 
2015-08-13
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
PLOS One
Background: Sustained or consistent use of condoms by men remains a challenge. A study was carried out to identify factors associated with failure to use condoms consistently by men attending STD clinics in Pune, India. Method: Among 14137 STI clinic...

Concurrent anemia and elevated CRP predicts HIV clinical treatment failure, including TB, post-antiretroviral therapy initiation

Post Date: 
2015-07-01
   |   
Countries: 
Brazil
Haiti
India
Malawi
Peru
South Africa
Thailand
United States
Zimbabwe
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Background: Anemia is a known risk factor for clinical failure following antiretroviral therapy (ART). Notably, anemia and inflammation are interrelated, and recent studies have associated elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), an inflammation marker, with adverse human immunodeficiency virus (...

Efavirenz pharmacokinetics in HIV-infected persons receiving rifapentine and isoniazid for tuberculosis prevention

Post Date: 
2015-06-16
   |   
Countries: 
South Africa
Thailand
United States
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Background: Concomitant use of rifamycins to treat or prevent tuberculosis can result in subtherapeutic concentrations of antiretroviral drugs. We studied the interaction of efavirenz with daily rifapentine and isoniazid in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals receiving a 4...

Lyme carditis

Post Date: 
2015-06-15
Publication: 
Infectious Disease Clinics of North America
Lyme disease is a common disease that uncommonly affects the heart. Because of the rarity of this diagnosis and the frequent absence of other concurrent clinical manifestations of early Lyme disease, consideration of Lyme carditis demands a high level of suspicion when patients in endemic...

Dengue and chikungunya co-infection associated with more severe clinical disease than mono-infection

Post Date: 
2015-04-15
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
International Journal of Healthcare and Biomedical Research
Background: Dengue and chikungunya infections appear to be increasing in India. While Aedies aegypti is the transmitting vector for both viruses and co-infection occurs in the same communities, studies on the clinical significance of co-infection are limited. Materials and Methods: We conducted a...

Availability and distribution of safe abortion services in rural areas: a facility assessment study in Madhya Pradesh, India

Post Date: 
2015-03-20
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Global Health Action
Abstract Background: Unsafe abortion contributes to a significant portion of maternal mortality in India. Access to safe abortion care is known to reduce maternal mortality. Availability and distribution of abortion care facilities can influence women's access to these...

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