Mallika Alexander, MBBS

Pune, India
Role: 
Staff
Project Manager
Mallika Alexander, MBBS

Dr. Alexander is the project manager for the PRACHITi and PARTHISA study. These studies examine immunological changes in HIV positive and negative pregnant women with latent and active tuberculosis at Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College Clinical Research Site (BJGMC-CRS) in Pune, India. She is also managing a pilot study on postpartum diabetes mellitus in women with gestational diabetes (GDM) currently and heading the site team in implementation of a large study on GDM, HIV and Pregnancy (PraGaTHi) slated to be initiated in late 2022. A gynecologist by training, her research interests are improving women’s health, prevention of HIV and AIDS, microbicides, and HPV related cancers.

She has more than 30 years of multidisciplinary experience. Prior to joining BJGMC-CRS, she was the medical manager at National AIDS Research Institute (NARI) for eight years, where she managed implementation of clinical trial studies under the NIH HIV Prevention Trial Network (HPTN), Adult AIDS Clinical Trails Group (ACTG) and Microbicide Trial Network (MTN). She was the Investigator of Record (IoR) for the safety and acceptability of nonmedicated vaginal ring trial study (MTN 005). While she was at NARI, she led the regulatory cell ensuring that the clinical trials were conducted within the framework of Good Clinical Practice and Ethical principles. She also worked as a research scientist at KEM Hospital Research Centre (KEMHRC) for 15 years, where she implemented hospital-based and community-based research studies under the aegis of the Indian Council of Medical Research. Some of the important clinical research studies implemented include the Prevalence of Reproductive Tract Infections in Low Risk and High Risk Women in Pune, and the Phase II b Clinical Trial of Norplant 1, etc.

While at KEM HRC, she spearheaded social science research funded by Population Council, India, on the sexual behavior of over 8000 adolescents and youth in urban and rural Pune, a little researched topic in an era of pandemic HIV. She followed this up with interventional research funded by DFID, India, for improving parent-child communication on sexual and reproductive health—an area identified as needing interventions.

Other sphere of her work was improving skills of primary healthcare providers at public health facilities at the village, district, and state level in Maharashtra, India. She conducted hands-on training on maternal and child health for medical officers and paramedical workers at primary health centers (PHC) as well as district level and state level trainers.

She obtained her MBBS degree from Christian Medical College (CMC), Vellore, and a Diploma in obstetrics and gynecology from Bharathidasan University, India. After graduating she worked as a resident gynecologist for seven years at a mission hospital in interiors of Maharashtra, serving 30 villages. She has published scientific articles in peer reviewed journals and has presented papers in national and international conferences.

Prevalence of gestational diabetes (GDM) and postpartum diabetes (DM) and their risk factors at Sassoon General Hospital and Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College in Pune, India

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2021-12-19
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Primary objective: To determine the prevalence of GDM in a population of women in our hospital To identify the risk factors for GDM and determine the prevalence of GDM risk factors in a population of women screened for GDM and their association with GDM To determine the incidence and time course of...

Pregnancy Associated Immune Responses to Tuberculosis and HIV in India and South Africa (PARTHISA)

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2020-01-14
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Dr. Jyoti Mathad is Co-PI of this study. Purpose: Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of maternal mortality, especially among HIV-infected women. Women are most likely to develop active TB during and immediately after pregnancy. The immunologic conditions responsible for this phenomenon are not...

Vaginal Microbiota in HIV Infected and Uninfected Pregnant Women (Stand Alone)

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2018-10-16
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Amita Gupta, MD, MHS, and Shilpa Naik, MD, are PIs for this study; Rupak Shivakoti, PhD, MSPH, is Co-Investigator The makeup of vaginal microbiota is dynamic and may play a role in the birth outcomes of pregnant women. While HIV and pregnancy both uniquely impact vaginal microbiota, the impact of...

Gut Microbiota of HIV Infected Pregnant Women

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2018-06-14
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Birth Outcomes in HIV Both antiretroviral-therapy (ART)-naïve and ART-experienced HIV-infected pregnant women have higher incidences of pre-term birth (PTB) compared to HIV-uninfected women. For example, the global prevalence of PTB is around 8%, while the rates in in HIV-infected...

Zika Surveillance among Antenatal Clinic Outpatients in BJ Government Medical College and Sassoon General Hospitals, Pune, India

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2017-08-31
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This study was terminated July 21, 2020. Zika virus is a vector-borne disease carried by the mosquito Aedes aegypti . Pregnant women infected with Zika may pass the virus to the fetus, which may cause microcephaly and other severe brain defects. It is also linked to...

Investigating Maternal Antibodies to Modify Infant Tuberculosis Acquisition

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2017-08-29
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New study in Pune, India, aims to identify the profile of TB antibodies between mothers and infants, and to see if the presence of antibodies lowers risk of infant infection.

Inflammation in HIV-infected Pregnant Women: Relationship with Diet, Gut Microbiome and Preterm Birth

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2014-10-28
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This study was terminated May 7, 2018. P regnancy is a state of relative immunosuppression in order to protect the fetus from being rejected. It has also been shown that the Th-1 helper cell response, which is normally necessary for overcoming TB infection...

Impact of Immune Changes of HIV and Stages of Pregnancy on Tuberculosis

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2014-09-01
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This is the Parent Study for CCGHE’s PRACHITI (PRegnancy And CHanges In TuberculosIs) effort. It's supported by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development at the U.S. National Institutes of Health. Purpose: TB is a...

BWI CTU: Baltimore-Washington-India Clinical Trials Unit

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2007-02-02
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Comprising clinical trial sites at Johns Hopkins Medicine in Baltimore, Whitman Walker Health in Washington, DC, and the BJGMC-CCGHE collaboration in Pune, India, the Baltimore-Washington-India Clinical Trials Unit (BWI-CTU) is one of only 25 international HIV/TB clinical trial sites funded by the...

Impact of pregnancy and HIV on LTBI diagnostics and MTB-induced immune response: a cohort study in Pune, India

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2022-11-01
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International Journal of Infectious Diseases
Background Accurate tuberculosis infection (TBI) tests are critical for pregnant women, especially those with HIV, who have a high risk of TB disease. Methods We enrolled interferon gamma release assay (IGRA)+ pregnant women with and without HIV in a longitudinal study, followed up at delivery and...

The association of gestational diabetes with HIV infection and tuberculosis in Indian women

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2022-08-01
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The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Infection of HIV is associated with an increased diabetes risk, which also increases tuberculosis risk. It is unknown if similar associations exist with gestational diabetes (GDM). We screened pregnant women living with and without HIV for GDM using oral glucose tolerance testing. In a subgroup of...

Assessing tuberculosis risk in pregnant women from the PRACHITi study using transcriptomics

Post Date: 
2022-06-10
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Clinical Infectious Diseases
A new tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic cartridge assay, which detects a 3-gene TB signature in whole blood, was not diagnostic in women with maternal TB disease in India (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.72). In a cohort of pregnant women, we identified a novel gene set for TB diagnosis (AUC = 0.97) and...

TB-related Knowledge and Stigma Among Pregnant Women in Low Resource Settings of Pune, India

Post Date: 
2022-02-01
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The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease,
TB is an important cause of maternal morbidity.1 Studies among adults with TB in several countries have consistently demonstrated that a lack of TB-related knowledge and increased stigma can be a barrier to early diagnosis, seeking treatment and treatment adherence.2–6 India has the highest number...

Impact of HIV status on systemic inflammation during pregnancy

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2021-11-15
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AIDS London
Objective: There are limited studies on the association of HIV infection with systemic inflammation during pregnancy. Design: A cohort study (N = 220) of pregnant women with HIV (N = 70) (all on antiretroviral therapy) and without HIV (N = 150) were enrolled from an...

Validation of New Interactive Nutrition Assistant - Diet in India Study of Health (NINA-DISH) FFQ with multiple 24-h dietary recalls among pregnant women in Pune, India

Post Date: 
2021-11-02
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The British Journal of Nutrition
Adequate dietary intake is critical to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes. India has a high burden of maternal and child morbidity and mortality, but there is a lack of adequate tools to assess dietary intake. We validate an FFQ, New Interactive Nutrition Assistant - Diet in India Study of Health (NINA-DISH), among pregnant women living with and without HIV in Pune, India.

Immunologic effects of pregnancy on M. tuberculosis: methodology of an observational cohoStages of pregnancy and HIV affect diagnosis of tuberculosis infection and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)-induced immune response: Findings from PRACHITi, a cohort

Post Date: 
2021-09-21
Publication: 
International Journal of Infectious Diseases
Background Accurate tuberculosis infection (TBI) tests are critical for pregnant women, especially those with HIV, who have a high risk of TB disease. Methods We enrolled interferon gamma release assay (IGRA)+ pregnant women with and without HIV in a longitudinal study, followed up at delivery and...

Systemic Inflammation in Pregnant Women With Latent Tuberculosis Infection

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2021-01-27
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Frontiers in Immunology
Background: Recent studies in adults have characterized differences in systemic inflammation between adults with and without latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI+ vs. LTBI-). Potential differences in systemic inflammation by LTBI status has not been assess in pregnant women. Methods: We conducted a...

Stages of pregnancy and HIV affect diagnosis of tuberculosis infection and Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (MTB)-induced immune response: Findings from PRACHITi, a cohort study in Pune, India

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2021-01-11
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IJID
Background Accurate tuberculosis infection (TBI) tests are critical for pregnant women, especially those with HIV, who have a high risk of TB disease. Methods We enrolled interferon gamma release assay (IGRA)+ pregnant women with and without HIV in a longitudinal study, followed up at delivery and...

Validation of NINA-DISH food frequency questionnaire with multiple 24-hour dietary recalls among pregnant women in Pune, India

Post Date: 
2021-01-06
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The British Journal of Nutrition
Adequate dietary intake is critical to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes. India has a high burden of maternal and child morbidity and mortality, but there is a lack of adequate tools to assess dietary intake. We validate a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), New-Interactive Nutrition Assistant-...

Intensified short symptom screening program for Dengue infection during pregnancy, India

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2020-04-15
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Emerging Infectious Diseases
Mosquitoborne diseases (e.g., malaria, dengue, and chikungunya) are endemic to India and pose diagnostic challenges during pregnancy. We evaluated an intensified short symptom screening program in India to diagnose dengue during pregnancy. During October 2017-January 2018, we screened pregnant...

Is there a connection between gestational diabetes, human immunodeficiency virus infection, and tuberculosis?

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2019-01-01
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International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
IJTLD article reviews the epidemiology and immunology of gestational diabetes and finds there's a lot we don't know about interactions between diabetes, pregnancy, and tuberculosis in both HIV+/- women

Screening and diagnosis of gestational diabetes in India: A systematic review and meta analysis

Post Date: 
2018-03-26
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Acta Diabetologica
Review article on prevalence and screening and diagnostic methods for gestational diabetes in India.

Shivani Mehta

Baltimore, Maryland
Shivani Mehta is a BS/BA candidate (2018) in public health at the Johns Hopkins Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, who is working with Drs. Rupak Shivakoti and Mallika Alexander on Maternal Inflammation, Diet and Gut Microbiome in HIV: Impact on Infant Outcomes. Ms. Mehta spent June and July 2016 at BJGMC in Pune, India, working under Dr. Alexander. Awards 2016 Global Health Established Field Placement Grant 2016 Johns Hopkins Provost Undergradulate Research Award for 2016-17 From Ms. Mehta's Field Report:...

Prarthana Vasudevan

Baltimore, Maryland
Prar Vasudevan is an international health graduate student at the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health. In Autumn 2015, she conducted a field placement in Pune, India, at BJGMC under Dr. Vidya Mave, where she worked on the study titled Maternal Inflammation, Diet and Gut Microbiome in HIV: Impact on Infant Outcomes. She is a 2015 recipient of the Global Health Established Field Placement Grant. From Prar Vasudevan's Field Report: At BJMC, I had the opportunity to make rounds in the hospital’s ART Clinic, Labor & Delivery wards, and children’s wards. I was immediately struck by the fact...

Puja Chebrolu

Global Health Research Fellow
Puja Chebrolu
Dr. Chebrolu is an Internal Medicine physician and a Cornell Global Health Research Fellow. She is working with Dr Jyoti Mathad and Dr Mallika Alexander at BJGMC primarily to study gestational diabetes within the PRACHITI cohort. She will be working with BJMC over the next 3 years and plans to study diabetes in other study populations as well.

BJGMC Clinical Research Team Exceeds 6,000 Participant Enrollments in 4 Years

Post Date: 
2018-08-03
Group Photo, BJGMC Clinical Research Site, 2016, Pune, India
The Indo-JHU Clinical Research partnership at BJGMC in Pune, India, is now one of the top enrollers among all ACTG research sites internationally.

World AIDS Day 2016 at BJGMC

Post Date: 
2016-12-06
Read more about 2016 World AIDS Day activities at the BJGMC Clinical Site in Pune, India.