Publications - Tuberculosis

Comparative immune responses to M. tuberculosis in individuals with latent infection or sterile protection against infection

Post Date: 
2022-07-13
   |   
Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
bioRxiv
Summary To identify immunologic targets for tuberculosis vaccines more efficacious than BCG, we investigated the immune responses that differentiate individuals with sterile protection against M. tuberculosis (Mtb) infection (TB-resisters) from those who develop latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI-...

Isoniazid adherence improves survival and incident tuberculosis at 96 weeks among adults initiating antiretroviral therapy with advanced HIV in multiple high burden settings

Post Date: 
2022-07-03
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Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Open Forum Infectious Diseases
Background People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and advanced immunosuppression initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) remain vulnerable to tuberculosis (TB) and early mortality. To improve early survival, isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) or empiric TB treatment have been evaluated;...

Diagnostic biomarkers for active tuberculosis: Progress and challenges

Post Date: 
2022-06-20
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Countries: 
India
Publication: 
EMBO Molecular Medicine
Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality from a single infectious agent, despite being preventable and curable. Early and accurate diagnosis of active TB is critical to both enhance patient care, improve patient outcomes, and break Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)...

Assessing tuberculosis risk in pregnant women from the PRACHITi study using transcriptomics

Post Date: 
2022-06-10
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
A new tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic cartridge assay, which detects a 3-gene TB signature in whole blood, was not diagnostic in women with maternal TB disease in India (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.72). In a cohort of pregnant women, we identified a novel gene set for TB diagnosis (AUC = 0.97) and...

Pharmacokinetics and Safety of 3 Months of Weekly Rifapentine and Isoniazid for Tuberculosis Prevention in Pregnant Women

Post Date: 
2022-06-01
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Background Pregnancy increases the risk of tuberculosis and its complications. A 3-month regimen of weekly isoniazid and rifapentine (3HP) is safe and effective for tuberculosis prevention in adults and children, including those with HIV, but 3HP has not been evaluated in pregnancy. Methods IMPAACT...

A Novel Computer-Based Virtual Counselor-Delivered Alcohol Reduction Intervention : Acceptability, Adaptability and Feasibility among Adults with HIV or TB in Indian Clinical Settings

Post Date: 
2022-05-27
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Countries: 
India
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
JMIR Formative Research
Background: Unhealthy alcohol use is associated with increased morbidity and mortality among persons with HIV and tuberculosis (TB). Computer-based interventions (CBIs) can reduce unhealthy alcohol use, are scalable, and may improve outcomes among patients with HIV or TB. Objective: We assessed the...

High prevalence of TB infection and disease in child household contacts of adults with rifampin-resistant tuberculosis

Post Date: 
2022-05-01
Publication: 
Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
Background: Household contact (HHC) investigation is an important strategy to identify individuals with tuberculosis (TB) exposure, infection and disease, including those who may benefit from tuberculosis preventive therapy (TPT). Data in children exposed to rifampin-resistant TB are limited...

Performance of Xpert MTB/RIF and Xpert Ultra for the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis among Indian children

Post Date: 
2022-04-01
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
International Journal of Tuberulosis and Lung Disease
OBJECTIVE: To assess Xpert® MTB/RIF (Xpert) and Xpert® MTB/RIF Ultra (Ultra) performance in diagnosing pediatric tuberculous meningitis (TBM). METHODS: We conducted a study among children with suspected meningoencephalitis in Pune, India. Clinical, radiological, laboratory, and treatment data were...

Heightened microbial translocation is a prognostic biomarker of recurrent tuberculosis

Post Date: 
2022-03-30
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Background Microbial translocation is a known characteristic of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Whether microbial translocation is also a biomarker of recurrence in PTB is not known. Methods We examined the presence of microbial translocation in a cohort of newly diagnosed, sputum smear, and culture...

Cycloserine did not increase depression incidence or severity at standard dosing for MDR-TB

Post Date: 
2022-03-24
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Countries: 
India
Publication: 
European Respitory Journal
In 2018 cycloserine was elevated to World Health Organization (WHO) group B status for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), and is recommended in longer MDR-TB treatment regimens [ 1 ]. Inclusion of cycloserine is associated with improved MDR-TB treatment success and reduced mortality, but is...

Shorter treatment for non-severe tuberculosis in African and Indian children

Post Date: 
2022-03-10
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
New England Medical Journal
BACKGROUND Two thirds of children with tuberculosis have nonsevere disease, which may be treatable with a shorter regimen than the current 6-month regimen. METHODS We conducted an open-label, treatment-shortening, noninferiority trial involving children with nonsevere, symptomatic, presumably drug-...

Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Three Months of Weekly Rifapentine and Isoniazid for Tuberculosis Prevention in Pregnant Women

Post Date: 
2022-03-05
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Background Pregnancy increases the risk of tuberculosis and its complications. A 3-month regimen of weekly isoniazid and rifapentine (3HP) is safe and effective for tuberculosis prevention in adults and children, including those with HIV, but 3HP has not been evaluated in pregnancy. Methods IMPAACT...

Integrating services for HIV and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a global cross-sectional survey among ART clinics in low- and middle-income countries

Post Date: 
2022-03-01
Publication: 
PLOS Global Public Health
Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death among PLHIV and multidrug-resistant-TB (MDR-TB) is associated with high mortality. We examined the management for adult PLHIV coinfected with MDR-TB at ART clinics in lower income countries. Between 2019 and 2020, we conducted a cross-sectional survey...

A Multicenter, Prospective Cohort Study of the Tuberculosis-Diabetes Interaction

Post Date: 
2022-02-15
Publication: 
Journal of Infectious Diseases
Background It is unclear whether diabetes or prediabetes affects unfavorable treatment outcomes and death in people with tuberculosis (PWTB). Methods Culture-confirmed, drug-susceptible PWTB, enrolled in the Regional Prospective Observational Research in Tuberculosis (RePORT)–Brazil cohort between...

TB-related Knowledge and Stigma Among Pregnant Women in Low Resource Settings of Pune, India

Post Date: 
2022-02-01
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Countries: 
Haiti
   |   
Clinical Sites: 
BJGMC
Publication: 
The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease,
TB is an important cause of maternal morbidity.1 Studies among adults with TB in several countries have consistently demonstrated that a lack of TB-related knowledge and increased stigma can be a barrier to early diagnosis, seeking treatment and treatment adherence.2–6 India has the highest number...

Tuberculosis Pathways to Care and Transmission of Multidrug Resistance in India

Post Date: 
2022-01-15
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
American Journal of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine
Abstract Rationale: India is experiencing a regional increase in cases of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Objectives: Given the complexity of MDR-TB diagnosis and care, we sought to address key knowledge gaps in MDR risk factors, care delays, and drivers of delay to help guide disease...

Host lipidome and tuberculosis treatment failure

Post Date: 
2022-01-06
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Countries: 
India
Publication: 
European Respiratory Journal
Introduction: Host lipids play important roles in tuberculosis (TB) pathogenesis. Whether host lipids at TB treatment initiation (baseline) affect subsequent treatment outcomes has not been well characterised. We used unbiased lipidomics to study the prospective association of host lipids with TB...

Increased Moxifloxacin Dosing among MDR-TB Patients with Low-Level Resistance to Moxifloxacin did not Improve Treatment Outcomes in a Tertiary Care Center in Mumbai, India

Post Date: 
2021-12-23
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Countries: 
India
Publication: 
Open Forum Infectious Diseases
Background Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strains resistant to isoniazid and rifampin (multidrug-resistant tuberculosis [MDR-TB]) are increasingly reported worldwide, requiring renewed focus on the nuances of drug resistance. Patients with low-level moxifloxacin resistance may benefit from higher...

Baseline IL-6 is a biomarker for unfavorable tuberculosis treatment outcomes: a multi-site discovery and validation study

Post Date: 
2021-11-08
Publication: 
The European Respiratory Journal
Dr. Akshay Gupte and colleagues discovered that elevated IL-6 can predict poor treatment outcomes, showcasing a need for including IL-6 in clinical screenings.

Tuberculosis Pathways to Care and Transmission of Multidrug-Resistance in India

Post Date: 
2021-11-01
   |   
Countries: 
India
Publication: 
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
Rationale: India is experiencing a regional increase in cases of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Given the complexity of MDR-TB diagnosis and care, we sought to address key knowledge gaps in MDR risk factors, care delays, and drivers of delay to help guide disease control. Methods: From...

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