India

With a population of more than one billion, India is the second largest country in the world, represents 16% of the global population, and the national average for life expectancy is only 65 years. India leads the world in the largest absolute burden of TB, ranks third for HIV (behind South Africa and Nigeria), and ranks second for diabetes. The country receives funding to support HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment and care programs under the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR).

Our Indo-JHU Clinical Research Partnership is dedicated to reversing poor patient outcomes. With operations based in Pune, our extensive research portfolio is directed by Dr. Amita Gupta (Baltimore, MD), with onsite direction from Dr. Vidya Mave, Dr. Nishi Suryavanshi, and Dr. Nikhil Gupte (Pune). The Indo-JHU Partnership employs more than 200 people and, in addition to our memberships in consortia with many esteemed Indian research institutions, we have formal agreements with:

Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, and Sassoon General Hospital (BJGMC). Pune, India
DY Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Center. Pune, India
National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis. Chennai, India
PD Hinduja Hospital and Medical Group. Mumbai, India
Medanta The Medicity. Gurgaon, India
KEM Hospital. Pune, India
Bharati Vidyapeeth Medical College. Pune, India

CCGHE WORK IN INDIA

Publications

Risk factors for early mortality on antiretroviral therapy in advanced HIV-infected adults

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2017-10-23

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AIDS

Background: Many HIV-infected individuals present with advanced HIV disease. These patients are at high risk of death after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, but risk factors for death in these patients are unclear. Methods: We used data from a multisite randomized trial...

A qualitative study exploring factors influencing clinical decision-making for influenza-like illness in Solapur city, Maharashtra, India

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2017-07-03

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Anthropology and Medicine

Abstract The co-existence of different types of medical systems (medical pluralism) is a typical feature of India's healthcare system. For conditions such as influenza-like illness (ILI), where non-specific disease signs/symptoms exist, clinical reasoning in the context of medical...

Cardiovascular risk in an HIV-infected population in India

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2017-07-03

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Heart Asia

Findings: HIV+ Indian patients who had cardiovascular disease at a younger age appear to be at imminent risk for morbidity.

Constituent variation in smokeless tobacco purchased in Mumbai, India

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2017-07-01

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Tobacco Regulatory Science

Objectives: Worldwide, smokeless tobacco products vary greatly in their formulations and chemical composition. Understanding of toxic and carcinogenic constituent variations in such products can provide valuable insights for the development of effective tobacco control policies. In this study...

Household food insecurity is associated with low interferon-gamma levels in pregnant Indian women

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2017-07-01

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International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease

Objective: To determine the association between household food insecurity and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels in pregnancy. Design: Pregnant women in India were administered the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) questionnaire and underwent an IFN-γ release assay...

Vitamin A and D deficiencies associated with incident tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients initiating antiretroviral therapy in multinational case-cohort study

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2017-07-01

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Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Introduction: Numerous micronutrients have immunomodulatory roles that may influence risk of tuberculosis (TB), but the association between baseline micronutrient deficiencies and incident TB after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation in HIV-infected individuals is not well characterized...

Maternal syphilis: An independent risk factor for mother to infant human immunodeficiency virus transmission

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2017-06-15

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Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Abstract Syphilis is associated with increased human immunodeficiency virus acquisition and sexual transmission; we examined impact on human immunodeficiency virus mother-to-child transmission among mother-infant pairs enrolled in the India Six-Week Extended-Dose Nevirapine study...

Tuberculosis screening among persons with diabetes mellitus in Pune, India

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2017-06-02

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BMC Infectious Diseases

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases tuberculosis (TB) risk, and there is increasing concern over the public health implications of the convergence of these two epidemics. Screening for TB among people with DM is now recommended in India. Methods: People with DM seeking...

High burden of antimicrobial resistance and mortality among adults and children with community-onset bacterial infections in India

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2017-04-15

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Journal of Infectious Diseases

Of 133 isolates from 115 patients, 50% were multi-drug resistant; of 33 isolates tested for carbapenem susceptibility, 36% were resistant.

Resident doctors' attitudes toward tuberculosis patients

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2017-04-15

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Indian Journal of Tuberculosis

Background: The attitude of the resident doctors toward tuberculosis (TB) patients can affect their treatment seeking behavior, compliance to treatment as well as reinforce the stigma attached to the disease by the society at large. Aims: To assess the attitudes...

Novel interferon-gamma assays for diagnosing tuberculosis in young children in India

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2017-04-01

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International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease

Setting: The tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) are used as supportive evidence to diagnose active tuberculosis (TB). Novel IGRAs could improve diagnosis, but data are lacking in young children. Design: Children (age 5 years or...

High prevalence of cryptococcal antigenaemia amongst asymptomatic advanced HIV patients in Pune, India

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2017-03-21

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Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology

Methods : A prospective study was conducted in a large public sector ART centre and the inpatient wards of Sassoon Hospital, Pune, India. All consenting patients> 18 years of age with CD4 count <100 cells/mm3 were screened for CrAg by latex agglutination assay. Those with positive CrAg...

Modelling approaches for tuberculosis: are they realistic?

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2017-03-01

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The Lancet Global Health

Letter by Dr. Sachin Atre in The Lancet Global Health.

Vitamin A and D deficiencies associated with incident tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients initiating antiretroviral therapy in multinational case-cohort study

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2017-02-06

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Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Introduction: Numerous micronutrients have immunomodulatory roles that may influence risk of tuberculosis (TB), but the association between baseline micronutrient deficiencies and incident TB after antiretroviral (ART) initiation in HIV-infected individuals is not well characterized. ...

Patterns of use and perceptions of harm of smokeless tobacco in Navi Mumbai, India and Dhaka, Bangladesh

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2016-12-04

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Indian Journal of Community Medicine

Background: Globally, smokeless tobacco use is disproportionately concentrated in low-income and middle-income countries like India and Bangladesh. Objectives: The current study examined comparative patterns of use and perceptions of harm for different smokeless tobacco products among adults and...

Tuberculosis burden in India's private sector

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2016-11-15

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The Lancet Infectious Disease

Reply to author's reply

Sex-related differences in inflammatory and immune activation markers before and after combined antiretroviral therapy initiation

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2016-10-01

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Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Background: Women progress to death at the same rate as men despite lower plasma HIV RNA (viral load). We investigated sex-specific differences in immune activation and inflammation as a potential explanation. Methods: Inflammatory and immune activation markers [...

Efficacy of six-week extended-dose nevirapine varies by infant birth weight with greatest relative efficacy in low birth weight infants

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2016-09-30

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PLOS One

Low birth weight (LBW), defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as birth weight less than 2500 g, is a significant public health issue in resource-limited settings, particularly in Sub Saharan Africa and South Asia where the estimated annual incidence is 14% and 28–31%, respectively,...

Continued elevation of interleukin-18 and interferon-γ after initiation of antiretroviral therapy and clinical failure in a diverse multicountry human immunodeficiency virus cohort

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2016-07-27

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Open Forum Infectious Diseases

Background: We assessed immune activation after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation to understand clinical failure in diverse settings. Methods: We performed a case-control study in ACTG Prospective Evaluation of Antiretrovirals in Resource-Limited Settings (...

Epidemiological impact of achieving UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets for HIV care in India: a modelling study

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2016-07-07

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BMJ Open

Objective: Recent UNAIDS ‘90-90-90’ targets propose that to end the HIV epidemic by 2030, 90% of persons living with HIV (PLWH) worldwide should know their diagnosis, 90% of diagnosed PLWH should be on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and 90% of PLWH on ART should be virally suppressed by 2020...

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