India

With a population of more than one billion, India is the second largest country in the world, represents 16% of the global population, and the national average for life expectancy is only 65 years. India leads the world in the largest absolute burden of TB, ranks third for HIV (behind South Africa and Nigeria), and ranks second for diabetes. The country receives funding to support HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment and care programs under the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR).

Our Indo-JHU Clinical Research Partnership is dedicated to reversing poor patient outcomes. With operations based in Pune, our extensive research portfolio is directed by Dr. Amita Gupta (Baltimore, MD), with onsite direction from Dr. Vidya Mave, Dr. Nishi Suryavanshi, and Dr. Nikhil Gupte (Pune). The Indo-JHU Partnership employs more than 200 people and, in addition to our memberships in consortia with many esteemed Indian research institutions, we have formal agreements with:

Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, and Sassoon General Hospital (BJGMC). Pune, India
DY Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Center. Pune, India
National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis. Chennai, India
PD Hinduja Hospital and Medical Group. Mumbai, India
Medanta The Medicity. Gurgaon, India
KEM Hospital. Pune, India
Bharati Vidyapeeth Medical College. Pune, India

CCGHE WORK IN INDIA

Publications

Maternal Smokeless Tobacco Use in Pregnancy and Adverse Health Outcomes in Newborn babies

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2015-09-17

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The Asian Man

BACKGROUND: Perinatal morbidity and mortality are important indicators of maternal health and the future health of the child. Smokeless tobacco (ST) use during pregnancy is associated with low birth weight (LBW), preterm births, stillbirths, and small for gestation age (SGA). This study...

Contraceptive use and factors associated with postpartum surgical sterilization among HIV-infected women in Pune, India

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2015-08-21

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Journal of HIV/AIDS & Social Services

The authors desire to better understand contraceptive practices and factors associated with surgical tubal ligation (STL) among HIV-infected women. Secondary data were obtained from HIV-infected women enrolled in a National Institutes of Health–funded clinical trial assessing the efficacy of...

Failure to use and sustain male condom usage: lessons learned from a prospective study among men attending STI clinic in Pune, India

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2015-08-13

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PLOS One

Background: Sustained or consistent use of condoms by men remains a challenge. A study was carried out to identify factors associated with failure to use condoms consistently by men attending STD clinics in Pune, India. Method: Among 14137 STI clinic...

Concurrent anemia and elevated CRP predicts HIV clinical treatment failure, including TB, post-antiretroviral therapy initiation

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2015-07-01

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Clinical Infectious Diseases

Background: Anemia is a known risk factor for clinical failure following antiretroviral therapy (ART). Notably, anemia and inflammation are interrelated, and recent studies have associated elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), an inflammation marker, with adverse human immunodeficiency virus (...

Dengue and chikungunya co-infection associated with more severe clinical disease than mono-infection

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2015-04-15

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International Journal of Healthcare and Biomedical Research

Background: Dengue and chikungunya infections appear to be increasing in India. While Aedies aegypti is the transmitting vector for both viruses and co-infection occurs in the same communities, studies on the clinical significance of co-infection are limited. Materials and Methods: We conducted a...

Availability and distribution of safe abortion services in rural areas: a facility assessment study in Madhya Pradesh, India

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2015-03-20

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Global Health Action

Abstract Background: Unsafe abortion contributes to a significant portion of maternal mortality in India. Access to safe abortion care is known to reduce maternal mortality. Availability and distribution of abortion care facilities can influence women's access to these...

Vitamin D deficiency and risk of postpartum tuberculosis among HIV-infected breastfeeding mothers in India

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2015-03-15

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International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease

Some studies have associated low vitamin D levels with the risk of tuberculosis (TB), but its association in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected mothers in a TB-endemic region has not been well studied. We conducted a nested 1:2 case-control study among HIV-infected mothers in western...

C-reactive protein (CRP), interferon gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are associated with risk of tuberculosis after initiation of antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited settings

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2015-02-26

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PLOS One

Objective: The association between pre-antiretroviral (ART) inflammation and immune activation and risk for incident tuberculosis (TB) after ART initiation among adults is uncertain. Design: Nested case-control study (n = 332) within ACTG PEARLS trial of...

Inequalities in institutional delivery uptake and maternal mortality reduction in the context of cash incentive program, Janani Suraksha Yojana: Results from nine states in India

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2014-12-15

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Social Science and Medicine

Abstract Proportion of women giving birth in health institutions has increased sharply in India since the introduction of cash incentive program, Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) in 2005. JSY was intended to benefit disadvantaged population who had poor access to institutional care for...

High levels of tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines and nicotine in Chaini Khaini, a product marketed as snus

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2014-12-09

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Tobacco Control

Introduction: Recently, a tobacco product, Chaini Khaini, identified as snus appeared in India. The product marketing emphasizes its discreet nature and explicitly claims safety by referring to the existing evidence on Swedish snus. We here analyzed tobacco-specific nitrosamines and nicotine...

Quit history, intentions to quit, and reasons for considering quitting among tobacco users in India: Findings from the Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation India Wave 1 Survey

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2014-12-05

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Indian Journal of Cancer

Background: GATS India 2009–10 revealed that more than one-third (35%) of adults in India use tobacco in some form: 21% use smokeless tobacco, 9% smoke, and 5% are mixed users (they smoke and use smokeless tobacco), and the quit rate is very low. In an effort to decrease prevalence of tobacco use,...

Pre-antiretroviral therapy selenium status predicts WHO stages 3, 4 or death but not virologic failure post-antiretroviral therapy

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2014-11-13

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Nutrients

A case-cohort study, within a multi-country trial of antiretroviral therapy (ART) efficacy (Prospective Evaluation of Antiretrovirals in Resource Limited Settings (PEARLS)), was conducted to determine if pre-ART serum selenium deficiency is independently associated with human immunodeficiency...

Source case investigation for children with TB disease in Pune, India

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2014-08-27

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Tuberculosis Research and Treatment

Setting. Contact tracing is broadly encouraged for tuberculosis (TB) control. In many high-burden countries, however, little effort is made to identify contacts of newly diagnosed TB patients. This failure puts children, many of whom live in poor crowded communities, at special risk. ...

25-Hydroxyvitamin D insufficiency and deficiency is associated with HIV disease progression and virological failure post-antiretroviral therapy initiation in diverse multinational settings

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2014-07-15

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The Journal of Infectious Diseases

Background: Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) has been associated with increased HIV mortality, but prospective studies assessing treatment outcomes after combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) initiation in resource-limited settings are lacking. Methods...

Impact of maternal hepatitis B virus coinfection on mother-to-child transmission of HIV

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2014-07-15

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HIV Medicine

Objectives: Despite high hepatitis B virus (HBV) endemicity in various resource-limited settings (RLSs), the impact of maternal HIV/HBV coinfection on infant health outcomes has not been defined. We aimed to assess the prevalence of HBV coinfection among HIV-infected pregnant women and its...

Challenges to disclosure of HIV status to perinatally infected children: a study of caregiver perspectives in Pune, India

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2014-06-15

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Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Effective guidelines around disclosure of HIV status are lacking and limited data from India reveal low rates of HIV disclosure to perinatally infected children. This study, conducted in Pune, India, attempts to understand the experiences of caregivers of perinatally infected children around the...

Quality of obstetric referral services in India's JSY cash transfer programme for institutional births: a study from Madhya Pradesh province

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2014-05-08

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PLoS One

Abstract Background: India launched JSY cash transfer programme to increase access to emergency obstetric and neonatal care (EmONC) by incentivising in-facility births. This increased in-facility births from 30%in 2005 to 73% in 2012 however, decline in maternal mortality...

Change in Vitamin D levels occurs early after antiretroviral therapy initiation and depends on treatment regimen in resource-limited settings

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2014-04-21

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PLOS One

Background: Vitamin D has wide-ranging effects on the immune system, and studies suggest that low serum vitamin D levels are associated with worse clinical outcomes in HIV. Recent studies have identified an interaction between antiretrovirals used to treat HIV and reduced serum vitamin D...

Pregnancy differentially impacts performance of latent tuberculosis diagnostics in a high-burden setting

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2014-03-21

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PLOS One

Background: Targeted screening for latent TB infection (LTBI) in vulnerable populations is a recommended TB control strategy. Pregnant women are at high risk for developing TB and likely to access healthcare, making pregnancy an important screening opportunity in developing countries. The...

Biomarkers for sepsis: a review with special attention to India

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2014-03-19

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BioMed Research International

Sepsis is a serious infection and still a common cause of morbidity and mortality in resource-limited settings such as India. Even when microbiologic diagnostics are available, bacteremia is only identified in a proportion of patients who present with sepsis and bloodstream infections...

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