India

With a population of more than one billion, India is the second largest country in the world, represents 16% of the global population, and the national average for life expectancy is only 65 years. India leads the world in the largest absolute burden of TB, ranks third for HIV (behind South Africa and Nigeria), and ranks second for diabetes. The country receives funding to support HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment and care programs under the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR).

Our Indo-JHU Clinical Research Partnership is dedicated to reversing poor patient outcomes. With operations based in Pune, our extensive research portfolio is directed by Dr. Amita Gupta (Baltimore, MD), with onsite direction from Dr. Vidya Mave, Dr. Nishi Suryavanshi, and Dr. Nikhil Gupte (Pune). The Indo-JHU Partnership employs more than 200 people and, in addition to our memberships in consortia with many esteemed Indian research institutions, we have formal agreements with:

Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, and Sassoon General Hospital (BJGMC). Pune, India
DY Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Center. Pune, India
National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis. Chennai, India
PD Hinduja Hospital and Medical Group. Mumbai, India
Medanta The Medicity. Gurgaon, India
KEM Hospital. Pune, India
Bharati Vidyapeeth Medical College. Pune, India

CCGHE WORK IN INDIA

Publications

One-, two-, and three-class resistance among HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy in private care clinics: Mumbai, India

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2010-01-26

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AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses

HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral (ARV) therapy (ART) in India are not all adequately virally suppressed. We analyzed ARV drug resistance in adults receiving ART in three private clinics in Mumbai, India. HIV viral load was measured in 200 patients with the Roche AMPLICOR HIV-1 Monitor...

Extended-dose nevirapine to 6 weeks of age for infants to prevent HIV transmission via breastfeeding in Ethiopia, India, and Uganda: an analysis of three randomized controlled trials

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2009-07-26

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The Lancet

Background: UNICEF/WHO recommends that infants born to HIV-infected mothers who do not have access to acceptable, feasible, affordable, sustainable, and safe replacement feeding should be exclusively breastfed for at least 6 months. The aim of three trials in Ethiopia, India, and Uganda was...

Strategies for gender-equitable HIV services in rural India

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2009-05-15

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Health Policy and Planning

The emergence of HIV in rural India has the potential to heighten gender inequity in a context where women already suffer significant health disparities. Recent Indian health policies provide new opportunities to identify and implement gender-equitable rural HIV services. In this review, we...

Nevirapine resistance and breast-milk HIV transmission: effects of single and extended-dose nevirapine prophylaxis in subtype C HIV-infected infants

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2009-01-01

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PLOS One

Background: Daily nevirapine (NVP) prophylaxis to HIV-exposed infants significantly reduces breast-milk HIV transmission. We assessed NVP-resistance in Indian infants enrolled in the “six-week extended-dose nevirapine” (SWEN) trial who received single-dose NVP (SD-NVP) or SWEN for prevention...

Traditional Indian medicine and homeopathy for HIV/AIDS: a review of the literature

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2008-12-22

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AIDS Research and Therapy

Background: Allopathic practitioners in India are outnumbered by practitioners of traditional Indian medicine and homeopathy (TIMH), which is used by up to two-thirds of its population to help meet primary health care needs, particularly in rural areas. India has an estimated 2.5 million HIV...

Neutralizing antibody responses in recent seroconverters with HIV-1 subtype C infections in India

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2008-10-25

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AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses

The longitudinal heterologous neutralization response against two HIV-1 subtype C isolates was studied in 33 ART-naive individuals recently infected with HIV-1 subtype C from India. Seven of 33 (21%) seroconverters demonstrated a consistent response against both isolates (65-100%...

High risk for occupational exposure to HIV and utilization of post-exposure prophylaxis in a teaching hospital in Pune, India

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2008-10-21

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BMC Infectious Diseases

Background: The risk for occupational exposure to HIV has been well characterized in the developed world, but limited information is available about this transmission risk in resource-constrained settings facing the largest burden of HIV infection. In addition, the feasibility and utilization of...

Repeated pregnancy in HIV positive Indian women with known HIV status

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2008-09-29

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AIDS Care

HIV-positive women of reproductive age face challenges in decision making related to pregnancy. Understanding factors influencing repeat pregnancies in women with known HIV status are necessary to guide interventions and counseling strategies to better inform and support them. We compared...

The Indian pediatric HIV epidemic: a systematic review

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2008-09-15

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Current HIV Research

Despite an estimated 70,000 Indian children living with HIV infection, little is known about India's pediatric HIV epidemic. Generalizations about epidemiology, natural history, and treatment outcomes from other resource-limited settings (RLS) may be inaccurate for several biologic and social...

Low utilization of HIV testing during pregnancy: what are the barriers to HIV testing for women in rural India?

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2008-02-01

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Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Introduction: Sixty percent of India's HIV cases occur in rural residents. Despite government policy to expand antenatal HIV screening and prevention of maternal-to-child transmission (PMTCT), little is known about HIV testing among rural women during pregnancy. ...

Modeling maternal infant HIV transmission in the presence of breast-feeding with an imperfect test

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2007-12-15

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Biometrics

An important public health question is to determine the probabilities of perinatal HIV transmission and when it occurs, whether antepartum, intrapartum, or postpartum through breastfeeding. However, this is a difficult problem because the presence of HIV infection in an infant can only be...

Are we really making motherhood safe? A study of provision of iron supplements and emergency obstetric care in rural Maharashtra

Post Date:

2007-11-30

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National Medical Journal of India

Abstract Background: The Government of India launched the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) in 2005 to improve healthcare delivery and strengthen the public health system. Prevention and management of anaemia during pregnancy and access to quality emergency obstetric care...

Nurses’ health education program in India increases HIV knowledge and reduces fear

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2007-11-30

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Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care

Few health care facilities are adequately prepared to manage and care for HIV/AIDS patients in India. Nurses play a critical role in patient care but are often ill-equipped to deal with their own fears of occupational risk and handle the clinical aspects of HIV/AIDS care, leading to stigma and...

Low sensitivity of total lymphocyte count as a surrogate marker to identify antepartum and postpartum Indian women who require antiretroviral therapy

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2007-11-01

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Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Background: Some studies support the use of total lymphocyte count (TLC) as a surrogate marker for CD4 cell count to guide antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation. However, most of these studies have focused on nonpregnant adults. In light of expanding ART access through prevention of mother-...

Declining HIV Incidence among patients attending sexually transmitted infection clinics in Pune, India

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2007-08-15

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Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Objective: A recent report suggesting declining HIV transmission rates in southern India has been based on HIV seroprevalence data to estimate HIV incidence. We analyzed HIV incidence rates among 3 cohorts (male, female non-sex worker, female sex worker [FSW]) presenting to sexually...

Declining HIV infection rates among recently married, pregnant women in Pune, India

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2007-08-15

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Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Background: A single recent study has suggested a decrease in HIV risk for women attending antenatal clinics (ANCs) in southern India. Yet, some have questioned the validity of the Indian national surveillance data and analyses. Previous studies suggest that the only major HIV risk factor for...

Mother-to-child transmission of HIV among women who chose not to exclusively breastfeed their infants in Pune, India

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2007-08-15

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Indian Journal of Medical Research

Background and Objective: The percentage of HIV cases attributed to mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) has increased several fold in recent years. No reports are available on HIV MTCT rates among HIV-infected choosing not be exclusively breastfeed their infants in India. We examined HIV MTCT...

Mortality and clinical characteristics of hospitalized adult patients with HIV in Pune, India

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2007-08-01

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Indian Journal of Medical Research

Background and Objective: In India, data regarding mortality and clinical characteristics of hospitalized HIV-infected patients are sparse, which may limit the effectiveness of new hospital-based HIV programmes providing antiretroviral therapy (ART). The objective of our study was to...

Post-partum TB incidence and mortality among HIV-infected women and their infants in Pune, India 2002-2005

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2007-07-15

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Clinical Infectious Diseases

Background: In contrast with many other countries, isoniazid preventative therapy is not recommended in clinical care guidelines for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons with latent tuberculosis (TB) in India. Methods: Seven hundred fifteen...

Clinically significant anemia in HIV-infected pregnant women in India is not a major barrier to zidovudine use for prevention of maternal-to-child transmission

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2007-06-01

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Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of anemia (serum hemoglobin <10 g/dL) and assess zidovudine use and toxicity in HIV-positive pregnant women in India. Methods: From 2002 through 2006, 24,105 pregnant women in Pune were screened for HIV and anemia. As part of...

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