Research News

November 22, 2022

To determine the mechanisms that mediate resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) infection in household contacts (HHCs) of patients with tuberculosis (TB), we followed 452 latent TB infection-negative (LTBI-) HHCs for 2 years.

Clinical Research

Leadership
Our Indo-JHU Clinical Research Partnership is located in Pune and is directed by Dr. Amita Gupta (Baltimore, MD), with onsite direction from Dr. Vidya Mave, Dr. Nishi Suryavanshi, and Dr. Nikhil Gupte (Pune). The Indo-JHU Partnership employs more than 200 people and in addition to our memberships in consortia with many esteemed Indian research institutions, we have formal agreements with:
 
 

Risk of Tuberculosis among Health Care Workers and Trainees in a Tertiary-care Hospital in Pune, India

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2015-04-15
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This study was terminated April 24, 2018. It was funded by the Fogarty International Center at the U.S. National Institutes of Health. A retrospective study of health care workers (HCWs) was conducted by investigators of the Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Medical and...

Inflammation in HIV-infected Pregnant Women: Relationship with Diet, Gut Microbiome and Preterm Birth

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2014-10-28
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This study was terminated May 7, 2018. P regnancy is a state of relative immunosuppression in order to protect the fetus from being rejected. It has also been shown that the Th-1 helper cell response, which is normally necessary for overcoming TB infection...

Predictive Value of TB-symptom Screen in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected Pregnant Women in Pune, India

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2014-10-28
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This study was terminated July 17, 2017. This is a cross sectional observational study will be conducted at BJGMC to establish what the predictive value of the WHO TB symptom screen is in pregnant women in India. We hypothesize that the WHO TB symptom...

Diagnosis of Tuberculosis Infection and Th1 Immune Response in Pregnant Women in India

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2014-09-01
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This study was terminated April 16, 2018. Tuberculosis (TB) disease is a major cause of mortality among Indian women of reproductive age; approximately 20-50% of women in India are latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Due to immune...

Impact of Immune Changes of HIV and Stages of Pregnancy on Tuberculosis

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2014-09-01
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This is the Parent Study for CCGHE’s PRACHITI (PRegnancy And CHanges In TuberculosIs) effort. It's supported by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development at the U.S. National Institutes of Health. Purpose: TB is a...

A5279: Phase III Clinical Trial of Ultra-Short-Course Rifapentine/Isoniazid for the Prevention of Active Tuberculosis in HIV-infected Individuals with Latent Tuberculosis Infection

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2014-06-30
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This study ended April 27, 2015; it was conducted under the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) and funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health. Dr. Amita Gupta was Protocol Co-Vice Chair for this multinational clinical trial being conducted in Botswana, Brazil, Haiti,...

ART Study 1: Database: Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS and Associated Comorbidities in a Public Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) Clinic at BJGMC in Pune

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2014-06-14
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Since 2004, the National AIDS Control Program of India has been rolling out free antiretroviral therapy. Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College (BJGMC), located in Pune, India, is now the largest HIV clinic in India, with over 26,000 adult and pediatric patients registered since 2005...

Optimizing Treatment to Improve TBM Outcomes in Children

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2014-05-01
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This study, known as TBM Kids, is being conducted in India and Malawi. Primary Objectives To characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) (plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)) of rifampicin given at model-derived optimal daily doses and...

P1078: A Phase IV Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Safety of Immediate (Antepartum-Initiated) Versus Deferred (Postpartum-Initiated) Isoniazid Preventive Therapy Among HIV-Infected Women in High TB Incidence Settings

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2014-04-01
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This is a clinical trial conducted under the International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials (IMPAACT) Network and funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health. Dr. Amita Gupta is Protocol Chair for this multinational clinical trial being conducted in...

Evaluation of HIV Disease Burden in Hospitalized Patients at Sassoon General Hospital in Pune, India

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2013-11-18
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This study was terminated September 13, 2005. The goal of this project was to conduct both a retrospective and prospective epidemiological study of the burden of HIV disease at Sassoon General Hospital. The specific objectives of the study were to establish the proportion of...

Tuberculosis Noon Conference

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2013-10-24
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This effort ended in 2015. As part of the BJGMC-Johns Hopkins India Fogarty Training Program, from 2013-2015 CCGHE hosted the live Tuberculosis Noon Conference webcast. Led by Drs. Maunank Shah, Jonathan Golub, and Richard Chaisson, these webcast meetings brought together Johns Hopkins TB...

Cohort for Tuberculosis Research by the Indo-US Medical Partnership (C-TRIUMPH)

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2013-09-28
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Collaboratively funded by the US NIH, India’s Department of Biotechnology [DBT], and Indian Council of Medical Research, the Cohort for TB Research by the Indo-US Medical Partnership (C-TRIUMPH) is an Indo-US research consortium that is part of RePORT India, a countrywide consortium for TB...

Assessing the Association of Indoor Air Pollution with Tuberculosis in Adult Women and Children under 5 Years of Age

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2013-09-15
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This study is conducted the Cohort for Tuberculosis Research by the Indo-US Medical Partnership (C-TRIUMPH) under the Regional Prospective Observational Research for Tuberculosis (RePORT) Network, an international TB consortium. Addressing social and...

Community Home Based India Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV (COMBIND)

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2013-09-02
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This study ended May 14, 2019. CCGHE is assessing whether equipping Community Health Workers with mobile health technology and involving them in technology training and personal empowerment seminars can help prevent mother-to-child...

Impact of Diabetes on TB Treatment Outcomes

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2013-02-01
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CCGHE, the JHU Center for TB Research and BJGMC have been awarded a $2.5 million dollar NIH grant (2013-2018) to conduct a study to evaluate treatment outcomes among Indian patients with both diabetes mellitus and active TB. This study is assessing the prevalence of impaired glucose or frank...

Bacterial Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Pune, India

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2013-01-10
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This study was terminated September 24, 2019. Evaluate etiology of acute fever and bacterial drug resistance patterns among adults and children in India.

ONCOGRID: An mHealth Approach to Prevention and Early Diagnosis of Oral Cancer in Rural South India

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2012-11-01
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This study ended February 7, 2017. The Indian sub-continent is burdened with 80% of the world’s patients with oral cancer, and delay in oral cancer diagnosis is one of the major problems that leads to poor treatment outcomes (V. Shanta, R. Swaminathan, R...

Diagnosis of Active Tuberculosis in HIV-infected and Uninfected Young Children in India

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2012-07-24
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Tuberculosis (TB) is the most common cause of morbidity/mortality in HIV-infected individuals in India. India has the world's highest burden of HIV and TB, and since children acquire HIV/TB from their caregivers, active TB is highly prevalent (14-67.5%) among HIV-infected young children in...

A5288: MULTIOCTAVE, Management Using the Latest Technologies in Resource-limited Settings to Optimize Combination Therapy After Viral Failure

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2012-07-16
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This study was terminated in March 2020. It was a mult-country clinical trial conducted in Brazil, Haiti, India, Kenya, Malawi, Peru, South Africa, Thailand, Uganda, and Zambia under the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) and funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health. ...

RePORT India

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2012-06-30
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RePORT India is a joint venture between the Indian and US governments. The Indo-US Vaccine Action Program, a collaboration between the Indian Department of Biotechnology (DBT), the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), and the US NIH, is co-funding six teams of India- and US-based...

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An Evaluation of Baseline Kidney Function in the REPRIEVE Trial of Pitavastatin in Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Post Date: 
2020-08-01
Publication: 
The Journal of Infectious Diseases
Background Chronic kidney disease is a common comorbid condition among persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH). We characterized baseline kidney function in the REPRIEVE (Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV) trial cohort. Methods REPRIEVE enrolled PWH with low to...

Tuberculosis preventive treatment should be considered for all household contacts of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in India

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2020-07-29
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PLoS One
PLoS One: Dr. Mandar Paradkar and colleagues conducted a CTRIUMPH study that supports TB preventive therapy for all household contacts of pulmonary TB patients in India

Impact of the Fogarty Training Program on Trainee and Institutional Research Capacity Building at a Government Medical College in India

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2020-07-28
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Annals of Global Health
Gauri Dumal and colleagues assess the impact of the 5-year HIV-TB research training program on building individual research capacity at BJGMC.

Effects of Pregnancy and Isoniazid Preventive Therapy on M. tuberculosis Interferon Gamma Response Assays in Women with HIV

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2020-07-28
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Clinical Infectious Diseases
944 women with HIV participating in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study comparing 28 weeks of IPT antepartum versus postpartum, were tested by QuantiFERON-gold-in-tube (QGIT) antepartum and by QGIT and tuberculin skin test (TST) at delivery and postpartum.

Clinical features associated with linezolid resistance among multidrug resistant tuberculosis patients at a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai, India

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2020-07-24
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Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and other Mycobacterial Diseases
Background: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is an increasing problem worldwide, and 24% occurs in India. Linezolid is associated with improved MDR-TB treatment outcomes but causes significant side-effects and drug susceptibility testing (DST) is rarely available. This study assessed...

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Endotypes in Low- and Middle-Income Country Settings: Precision Medicine for All

Post Date: 
2020-07-15
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Am J Respir Crit Care Med
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease marked by largely irreversible airflow obstruction due to small airway obstruction and emphysema that results from complex gene–environment interactions over the lifespan of an individual. Although the clinical definition of...

Drug resistant TB spine in a two year old child: A case report

Post Date: 
2020-07-14
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Indian Journal of Tuberculosis
Spinal tuberculosis (TB) is a disease of high morbidity that is associated with deformity and neurological sequelae, especially in growing children. Children diagnosed with spinal TB need to be monitored closely for clinical improvements. Previous history of antituberculous therapy (ATT), poor...

Mullen Scales of Early Learning Adaptation for Assessment of Indian Children and Application to Tuberculous Meningitis

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2020-07-04
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Journal of Tropical Pediatrics
Introduction: Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) results in significant morbidity and mortality among children worldwide. Associated neurocognitive complications are common but not well characterized. The Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL), a well-established measure for assessment of...

A mobile health-facilitated behavioral intervention for community health workers improves exclusive breastfeeding and early infant HIV diagnosis in India: A cluster randomized trial

Post Date: 
2020-07-03
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Journal of the International AIDS Society
When community health workers used a mobile health intervention with HIV+ women to deliver care, there was a higher uptake of exclusive breastfeeding at two months and early infant HIV diagnosis at six weeks

Impact of Nationwide and Regional Lockdowns on Incident COVID-19 Cases in Pune City, India

Post Date: 
2020-06-16
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Scientific Reports
Assessing the impact of lockdowns on COVID-19 incidence may provide important lessons for management of pandemic in resource-limited settings. We examined growth of incident confirmed COVID-19 patients before, during and after lockdowns during the first wave in Pune city that reported the largest...

Once-Weekly Rifapentine and Isoniazid (3HP) Among Patients with HIV Taking Dolutegravir-based Antiretroviral Therapy: A Phase I/II Clinical Trial

Post Date: 
2020-06-01
Publication: 
The Lancet HIV
Background Short-course preventive therapy with 12 doses of once-weekly rifapentine (900 mg) plus isoniazid (900 mg) could greatly improve tuberculosis control, especially in areas with high co-endemicity with HIV. However, a small previous trial of such therapy with dolutegravir in healthy, HIV-...

High Burden of Bloodstream Infections Associated with Antimicrobial Resistance and Mortality in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Pune, India

Post Date: 
2020-05-18
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing threat to newborns in low and middle income countries (LMIC). Methods: We performed a prospective cohort study in three tertiary Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) in Pune, India, to describe the epidemiology of neonatal bloodstream...

Once-weekly Rifapentine and Isoniazid for Tuberculosis Prevention in Patients With HIV Taking Dolutegravir-Based Antiretroviral Therapy: A Phase 1/2 Trial

Post Date: 
2020-03-30
Publication: 
Lancet HIV
Short-course preventive therapy with 12 doses of once-weekly rifapentine (900 mg) plus isoniazid (900 mg) could greatly improve tuberculosis control, especially in areas with high co-endemicity with HIV.

TB prevention strategies and unanswered questions for pregnant and postpartum women living with HIV: the need for improved evidence

Post Date: 
2020-03-23
Publication: 
Journal of the International AIDS Society
World TB Day viewpoint on the need for more data about TB treatment for pregnant and postpartum women in J Int AIDS Soc by Drs. Jyoti Mathad and Amita Gupta.

HIV, Pregnancy, and Isoniazid Preventive Therapy. Reply

Post Date: 
2020-03-19
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The New England Journal of Medicine
Gupta et al. (Oct. 3 issue)1 report a higher incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes among women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who were exposed to isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) during the second and third trimesters than among those not exposed to IPT during pregnancy. From...

Hepatotoxicity and Liver-Related Mortality in Women of Child-Bearing Potential Living With HIV and High CD4 Counts Initiating Efavirenz-Containing Regimens

Post Date: 
2020-03-12
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Background: Severe hepatotoxicity in people with HIV receiving efavirenz (EFV) has been reported. We assessed the incidence and risk factors of hepatotoxicity in women of child-bearing age initiating EFV-containing regimens. Methods: In the PROMISE trial, ART-naïve pregnant women with HIV and CD4...

Tuberculosis in children, adolescents, and women

Post Date: 
2020-02-27
Publication: 
Lancet Respiratory Medicine
In this Lancet Respiratory Medicine commentary, Dr. Amita Gupta and colleagues note that TB prevalence among children, adolescents, and women isn't well documented. This poses big challenges for the goal of TB elimination.

Whole genome enrichment approach for rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and drug resistance-associated mutations from direct sputum sequencing

Post Date: 
2020-02-20
Publication: 
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is the leading cause of death among infectious diseases worldwide. Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), using routine culture-based methods is time consuming resulting in delayed diagnosis and poor treatment outcomes. Currently available molecular tests provide faster...

High prevalence of late presentation of ART-naïve perinatally infected children for care in Pune, India

Post Date: 
2020-02-19
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AIDS Care
AIDS Care : There is an urgent need to identify strategies that improve linkage of perinatally infected ART-naïve children to care, and earlier than what is currently observed.

Applying a risk-benefit analysis to outcomes in tuberculosis clinical trials

Post Date: 
2020-02-03
Publication: 
Clinical Infectious Diseases
CID: Analyzing efficacy and safety separately in clinical trials could yield misleading study conclusions if there's an increase in efficacy and a decrease in safety

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Multidrug TB prophylaxis not needed in advanced HIV

Post Date: 
2016-03-18
Source: 
MedPage Today
Patients with advanced HIV infection initiating anti-retroviral therapy who were treated with isoniazid alone to prevent tuberculosis had similar survival rates as patients treated with a standard four-drug anti-tuberculosis regimen in a multi-national, randomized, controlled trial.

Proactively treating HIV patients at risk for tuberculosis with multidrug TB therapy doesn’t save more lives

Post Date: 
2016-03-17
In what investigators say is a surprise finding, results of a new study appear to strongly affirm the effectiveness of prescribing the anti-tuberculosis drug isoniazid alone — in place of the standard four-drug regimen — to prevent TB and reduce death in people with advanced HIV/AIDS...

Common treatment of TB in advanced HIV patients doesn't save more lives

Post Date: 
2016-03-17
Source: 
Medical Xpress
In a report on the so-called REMEMBER (Reducing Early Mortality and Early Morbidity by Empiric Tuberculosis Treatment) study—a 10-nation, randomized clinical trial of adult outpatients—investigators concluded that there was no added benefit of using four drugs for TB over just using one drug...

CCGHE at CROI 2016

Post Date: 
2016-02-29
JOHNS HOPKINS CENTER FOR CLINICAL GLOBAL HEALTH EDUCATION AT CROI 2016 FEBRUARY 22-25 2016 | BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 23 Combination HIV Prevention and HIV Incidence in a Ugandan Hotspot Fishing Community. Poster Presentation. Session: HIV Testing and Prevention. Authors: Kagaayi J,...

Now, docs to get TB leave as cases mount

Post Date: 
2016-02-24
Source: 
Pune Mirror
Too many cases of tuberculosis (TB) among medical trainees and resident doctors in the state have prompted the medical education department to sanction medical leaves exclusively for the malady. This is the first time any state has taken such a step in India. Unusual working hours; close...

VIDEO: Amita Gupta, MD, MHS, reviews TB prevention in patients with HIV

Post Date: 
2016-02-24
Source: 
Infectious Disease News, via Healio
In this video with Healio.com, Amita Gupta, MD, MHS, associate professor medicine and international health and deputy director of the Center for Clinical Global Health Education at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, discusses research related to the prevention of tuberculosis in patients...

LEAP Program a Resource for Investigators of New Antiretrovirals

Post Date: 
2016-02-03
February 3, 2016—Baltimore, MD—The Johns Hopkins Center for Clinical Global Health Education, the Johns Hopkins Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, and the University of Liverpool launched a new website for an NIH-funded drug development resource...

Up Close: Matthew Robinson

Post Date: 
2016-02-01
Looking for Causes of Fever in India “The most common reason Indians go to the doctor is for fever. The list of potential causes for fever in India and other low and middle income countries in tropical settings is extensive.” Matt Robinson, MD, is a Clinical Fellow whose...

Tuberculosis test may underreport in pregnant women with HIV

Post Date: 
2016-01-28
Source: 
Infectious Disease Advisor
Pregnancy may confound tuberculosis (TB) tests results in women with HIV, according to research published in the American Thoracic Society's American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine .

Tuberculosis scare in HIV positive pregnant women: most widely-used tuberculosis test fails to diagnose illness

Post Date: 
2016-01-28
Source: 
International Business Times
The most commonly-used tuberculosis (TB) test, TST, has failed to detect TB in HIV positive pregnant women. A research published online in the American Thoracic Society's American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine has revealed that the TB test failed to accurately diagnose the...

Most commonly used TB test fails to accurately diagnose pregnant, HIV-positive women

Post Date: 
2016-01-25
Source: 
Infection Control Today
New research finds that the most commonly used test for tuberculosis fails to accurately diagnose TB in up to 50 percent of pregnant women who are HIV positive. The research published early online in the American Thoracic Society’s American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine is...

BJGMC Clinical Research Site Observes World AIDS Day

Post Date: 
2015-12-14
Pune, India—To mark the struggle of those living with HIV and in commemoration of those who have lost their lives, the Clinical Research Site at Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College (BJGMC CRS) participated in the National AIDS Trust’s World AIDS Day ...

At The Union 2015

Post Date: 
2015-11-30
JOHNS HOPKINS CENTER FOR CLINICAL GLOBAL HEALTH EDUCATION AT THE UNION DECEMBER 2- 6 2015 | CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA Congratulations, Fogarty Fellows & Ujala Scholars! Dr. Anita Basavaraj, Ms. Jessica Elf, Dr. Sunita Girish, Dr. Nikhil Gupte, Dr. Aarti Kinikar, Dr. Rahul Lokhande, Dr. Jyoti...

Faculty and Fogarty Scholars Meet with BJGMC Leadership

Post Date: 
2015-06-22
Baltimore, MD—Dr. Ajay S. Chandanwale, Dean, and other faculty leadership of Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College (BJGMC) in Pune, India, arrived at the Johns Hopkins Medical Campus today to meet with CCGHE faculty and Fogarty Scholars who are in Baltimore attending the Hopkins Summer...

Ujala Foundation Recognized for Commitment to Hopkins Work in India

Post Date: 
2015-04-30
Back Row: Ashlyn Sowell, Kelly Dooley, Jessica Elf, Rupak Shivakoti, Natasha Chida, Akshay Gupte, Jyoti Mathad, Leslie Bernard. Front Row: Molly Bowen, Bob Bollinger, Kamla Gupta, Raj Gupta, Amita Gupta, Jane McKenzie-White Photography: Jon Cristofersen ...

Uniting mobile, education and pharma to combat HIV

Post Date: 
2015-04-07
Source: 
Healthcare Innovation
Health Innovation talks to Kris Sterkens, Company Group Chairman, Janssen Asia Pacific, about the TAMA project, as well as about some of the changes he has seen in the pharmaceutical industry because of IT and mobile.

Joint Pledge of More than $5 Million to Support Health Research and Education in India

Post Date: 
2014-11-18
Source: 
The Campaign for Johns Hopkins
Gifts from the Ujala and Wyncote Foundations will create professorships and named scholars at the Center for Clinical Global Health Education For more than two decades, the Center for Clinical Global Health Education (CCGHE) at Johns Hopkins Medicine has...

Where in the world: A look at JHU's global endeavors in India

Post Date: 
2014-09-01
Source: 
Johns Hopkins Gazette
Combating a TB epidemic India accounts for one-quarter of the cases of tuberculosis infection globally, and nearly 40 percent of its population is infected with the disease, which kills 1.4 million people a year. Researchers in the School of Medicine's Center for Clinical Global Health Education...

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