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Nutritional status and childhood growth among Korku and Warli tribes of Maharashtra: anthropometric perspective

Post Date:

2013-01-01

Countries:

India

Publication:

Explorations in Medical Anthropology

Nutritional status and childhood growth among Korku and Warli tribes of Maharashtra: anthropometric perspective.

Contracting in specialists for emergency obstetric care—does it work in rural India?

Post Date:

2012-12-31

Countries:

India

Publication:

BMC Health Services Research

Abstract Background: Contracting in private sector is promoted in developing countries facing human resources shortages as a challenge to reduce maternal mortality. This study explored provision, practice, performance, barriers to execution and views about contracting in...

Tuberculosis in pregnant and postpartum women: Epidemiology, management, and research gaps

Post Date:

2012-12-15

Publication:

Clinical Infectious Diseases

Tuberculosis is most common during a woman's reproductive years and is a major cause of maternal-child mortality. National guidelines for screening and management vary widely owing to insufficient data. In this article, we review the available data on (1) the global burden of tuberculosis in...

Growth patterns among HIV-exposed infants receiving nevirapine prophylaxis in Pune, India

Post Date:

2012-10-31

Countries:

India

Clinical Sites:

BJGMC

Publication:

BMC Infectious Diseases

Background: India has among the highest rates of infant malnutrition. Few studies investigating the growth patterns of HIV-exposed infants in India or the impact of timing of HIV infection on growth in settings such as India exist. Methods: We used data from...

Pooled individual data analysis of five randomized trials of infant nevirapine prophylaxis to prevent breast-milk HIV-1 transmission

Post Date:

2012-10-19

Countries:

Clinical Sites:

Publication:

Clinical Infectious Diseases

Background: In resource-limited settings, mothers infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) face a difficult choice: breastfeed their infants but risk transmitting HIV-1 or not breastfeed their infants and risk the infants dying of other infectious diseases or...

Vitamin D deficiency is common among HIV-infected breastfeeding mothers in Pune, India, but not associated with mother-to-child HIV transmission

Post Date:

2012-10-01

Countries:

India

Clinical Sites:

BJGMC

Publication:

HIV Clinical Trials

A recent report from Tanzania demonstrated an increased risk of being HIV infected or of dying at birth among children born to breastfeeding mothers with low baseline vitamin D levels. We conducted a nested case-control study among HIV-infected pregnant women in western India to confirm the...

Evaluation of a multimodal, distance learning HIV management course for clinical care providers in India

Post Date:

2012-10-01

Countries:

India

Publication:

Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care

Distance learning is an important tool for training HIV health workers. However, there is limited evidence on design and evaluation of distance learning HIV curricula and tools. We therefore designed, implemented, and evaluated a distance learning course on HIV management for clinical care...

Detection of microbial translocation in HIV and SIV infection using the limulus amebocyte lysate assay is masked by serum and plasma

Post Date:

2012-08-01

Countries:

Publication:

PLOS One

Objective: Microbial translocation (MT) is thought to be a major contributor to the pathogenesis of HIV-related immune activation, and circulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Gram-negative bacteria is the principle measurement of this process. However, related research has been impeded by...

Authors’ response to Hanrahan et al CID article

Post Date:

2012-05-15

Countries:

India

Clinical Sites:

BJGMC

Publication:

Clinical Infectious Diseases

Reply to letter

Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic interactions between single-dose TMC207 and steady-state efavirenz in healthy volunteers: AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) Study.

Post Date:

2012-04-15

Countries:

United States

Publication:

Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Background: Drug-drug interactions complicate management of coinfection with HIV-1 and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Bedaquiline (formerly TMC207), an investigational agent for the treatment of tuberculosis, is metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A which may be induced by the antiretroviral...

Predictors of mortality in hospitalized children with pandemic H1N1 influenza 2009 in Pune, India

Post Date:

2012-04-15

Countries:

India

Clinical Sites:

BJGMC

Publication:

Indian Journal of Pediatrics

Objective: To analyse the factors associated with increased mortality among Indian Children with H1N1. Methods: Data were abstracted from available hospital records of children less than 12 y of age, who were admitted to Sassoon General Hospital in Pune, India, with...

Determination of a reference interval in a population

Post Date:

2012-02-01

Countries:

India

Publication:

National Medical Journal of India

The reference interval is the most widely used medical decision-making tool that separates healthy from diseased individuals. We briefly discuss the methods used to determine reference interval and its limitations.

Global health education for medical students: New learning opportunities and strategies

Post Date:

2012-01-17

Countries:

Publication:

Medical Teacher

Background: A new course was offered to introduce basic global health concepts to all first year Johns Hopkins medical students, that took advantage of new distance learning capacity to connect medical students in Baltimore with students and faculty in Uganda, Ethiopia, Pakistan and India...

Sexually transmitted infections and risk behaviors among transgender persons (Hijras) of Pune, India

Post Date:

2012-01-15

Countries:

India

Publication:

Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Background: The objectives of this cross-sectional study were to determine the prevalence of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STI) in Hijras (self-identified transgenders of South Asia), study associated risk factors, and compare the prevalence with that in heterosexual men and men...

Nutrition and disease progression pre-highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and post-HAART: Can good nutrition delay time to HAART and affect response to HAART

Post Date:

2011-12-15

Publication:

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Several studies have investigated a variety of nutritional supplementation interventions in adults with HIV. In this narrative review, we summarize the evidence from 31 clinical trials that explore clinical benefits of macronutrient and micronutrient supplementation in this population while...

Early mortality in adults initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC): a systematic review and meta-analysis

Post Date:

2011-12-15

Publication:

PLOS One

Background: We systematically reviewed observational studies of early mortality post-antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) in Asia, Africa, and Central and South America, as defined by the World Bank, to summarize what is known. ...

Impact of maternal human immunodeficiency virus infection on pregnancy and birth outcomes in Pune, India

Post Date:

2011-12-15

Countries:

India

Clinical Sites:

BJGMC

Publication:

AIDS Care

Little is known about birth outcomes for HIV-infected women in India. We examine maternal and neonatal birth outcomes in HIV-infected women within the context of enhanced pre-natal care associated with a randomized clinical trial conducted in Pune, India. Birth outcomes of 212 HIV-infected...

Symptom screening among HIV-infected pregnant women is acceptable and has high negative predictive value for active tuberculosis

Post Date:

2011-11-15

Countries:

India

Clinical Sites:

BJGMC

Publication:

Clinical Infectious Diseases

Symptom screening is a recommended component of intensified case-finding (ICF) for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) among HIV-infected individuals. Symptomatic individuals are further investigated to either exclude or diagnose pulmonary TB, thus reducing the number of individuals requiring costly...

Prevention of HIV-1 infection with early antiretroviral therapy

Post Date:

2011-08-11

Countries:

Publication:

New England Journal of Medicine

Background: Antiretroviral therapy that reduces viral replication could limit the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in serodiscordant couples. Methods: In nine countries, we enrolled 1763 couples in which one partner was HIV-1–positive and the other was HIV-1–negative; 54...

High rates of all-cause and gastroenteritis-related hospitalization morbidity and mortality among HIV-exposed Indian infants

Post Date:

2011-07-15

Countries:

India

Clinical Sites:

BJGMC

Publication:

BMC Infectious Diseases

Background: HIV-infected and HIV-exposed, uninfected infants experience a high burden of infectious morbidity and mortality. Hospitalization is an important metric for morbidity and is associated with high mortality, yet, little is known about rates and causes of hospitalization among these...